Berkman Alumni, Friends, and Spinoffs

Keep track of Berkman-related news and conversations by subscribing to this page using your RSS feed reader. This aggregation of blogs relating to the Berkman Center does not necessarily represent the views of the Berkman Center or Harvard University but is provided as a convenient starting point for those who wish to explore the people and projects in Berkman's orbit. As this is a global exercise, times are in UTC.

The list of blogs being aggregated here can be found at the bottom of this page.

August 02, 2013

Doc Searls
It’s 2013. Why are we still in login hell?

So I get an email (yes, I subscribe to it)  from Ad Age pointing me to AT&T Ridding Some Retail Stores of Cash Register, Counters and Other Clutter ‘Warmer’ Shopping Experience Includes Orange Coloring, Wood Paneling, Demos, by John McDermott. I read it and decide to make a comment under it. I’ve done this before, so I don’t expect problems. I write it and go to log in. That gets me this:

Note that it says “Welcome back, Doc” under “Login with your Social Identity.” So I click on that, get to a page with a “Sign in with Twitter” button, click on the button and then find myself on this popover window:

Note that is says “we were unable to match the email address for your social network and AdAge.com accounts.” In fact I am logged in with Twitter, I receive emails from AdAge at the same address I have associated with Twitter, and I don’t feel like using a different “social identity.” So I fill the form out, and another little pink word balloon appears, truncated by the top of the window:

When I click on the “here,” it sends me back to the first login page. There I fill out what two different browsers (deep in the prefs, where they keep this info) tell me is my login/password for AdAge.com. Then I get this:

I think, wtf is that error doing over on the social side of this thing? Can’t think of an answer, so I click on “Forgot UserID/Password” enter my email address twice, as it requires, and get promised an email that will recall my login details.

Many minutes later I get an email confirming my email address. Alas the password is a different link. So go to I click on that. (Using the present tense because I am doing this in real time.) But the session is lost. So I click on another link, go to an unwanted place at AdAge, click on the back button, and get this:

Click on “less” and I get this:

Click on “more” and I get the less thing again. Anyway, a dead end.

So now I go back to https://adage.com/register, and start entering the fields again. This time I get a red pop-out balloon that says “This address is already taken. Forgot your password?” So I click on the link and get to a window where I have to enter my email address again. I do that and it tells me “Your password has been sent to your e-mail address”. It’s now 10:22. I first saved a draft of this post at 9:07. I’ve been doing other things (e.g. making breakfast and coffee), but you can see this is taking awhile.

Okay, so now I have the email, which tells me my password. It’s one I don’t recognize at all. I’m guessing it’s a new one. So I go back to a login page, enter my email address and the password they gave me and: voila! I’m logged in. It is now 10:29.

And now, at 10:36, I’ve finished putting up my comment, which I’ve expanded into this post at Customer Commons. Meanwhile, back to the title of this one. Why are we still in login hell?

The answer is simple: we’ve given all responsibility for relationship to the server and left the client as a purely dependent variable. While the formal name for this model is client-server, I prefer calf-cow:

The sites are the servers, and our browsers are the clients, suckling the servers’ teats for the milk of “content” and cookies to keep track of us.

This blows.

It has blown for eighteen years.

The server side can’t fix it, as long as relationship is entirely their responsibility. What we get from that are:

  1. Awful gauntlets such as the one I just went through — and kluges such as “social login“, by which we trade security for convenience. Especially with Facebook. (The only reason I attempted to use Twitter in this case was that AdAge appeared to remember me that way. Turns out it barely remembered me at all.)
  2. Different kluges with every single website and Web service, each a silo. All of those silos think they get “scale” with their thousands or millions of users and customers. But you get the opposite, and it only gets worse with every site you add to your roster of logins and passwords.
  3. Huge burdens on servers and personnel who need to create and manage easily-broken systems such as AdAge’s.

We can only fix this thing from the client side. It’s simple as that. We’re the ones that need scale. We’re the ones that need our own simple and singular ways of relating to others on the Web and the Net.

Hint: we won’t be able to do it through any silo’d service. We can prototype with those, but they are not the full answer. They just answer the silo problem with yet another silo.

Working one angle toward this simple goal-state (which, after all these years in the calf-cow corral, looks like nirvana) are Abine, Dashlane, MySocialCloud and Privowny, each of which provide ways not only to manage many passwords and logins, but (in some cases) to generate unique email addresses and passwords for different sites, if you like. Far as I know, all of them are also substitutable, meaning that you can pull all your data out and use it for yourself or with another service. (Many other companies offering related services are also listed here among VRM developers.)

But, hey: if we’re leaving the corral,why should we need logins and passwords at all? If you and a site or service truly know each other, why should you both go through the rigamarole of logging in all the time?

There are a zillion good security answers to that question, but  they are all coming from inside the same box (or corral) we’ve been in for the duration.

It’s time to think and work outside that box.

 

by Doc Searls at August 02, 2013 03:08 PM

Global Voices
From Heartfelt to Hysterical, Twitter Parenting Poems Go Viral in Japan

[All links lead to Japanese-language pages unless otherwise noted.]

Japanese Twitter users recently peppered the site with tweets about childcare. But it wasn't about how fewer Japanese workers are making use of legally guaranteed childcare leave. Nor was it about the much-debated education policy in the platforms of the island's political parties in the recent 23rd election of the House of Councilors [en].

Departing from politics, Japanese netizens simply wrote poems about parenthood, sharing their personal experiences under the hashtag #途中から育児の話になるポエム, which means “Suddenly A Poem About Taking Care Of a Child”.

Among the messages under the hashtag were both the troubles and the pleasure of parenting. Mothers and fathers expressed their experiences in various styles of writings, from parodies of well-known songs to humorous or self-deprecating posts.  

One mother expressed her loving thoughts to her sound asleep children, with a sincere wish:

Your sleeping face beside me looks so sweet. Please stay calm and never wake up until the morning.

Another user @wandayou_ wrote about the support a parent can give to a child while it goes unnoticed by the child:

You can. Yes, you can. I gave you a supportive push again and again. Over again and again, I pushed your back, and you still smile gently until I give up and put you on the bed… I knew it! You spew out the milk.

Ukey offered a humorous poem of a fatherhood:

Oh no, please / Please be gentle to me/ don’t grope my breast like that / [I'm] Daddy can’t feed you milk from my breast.

Green_daram, a baby's mother wrote about the special touches of a child:

However tired I look, you smile at me. Then, you touch my hair encouragingly and softly daub it with porridge.

More users joined in to talk about everyday experiences of parenthood with whimsy:

Please don’t ever let go of my hand.
I know you will leave some day, but please stay with me for now.
No, please don’t pull out your arm. Please walk with me on the same road.
Or are you trying to kill yourself?

A feeling beyond words. All I can do is just hold you, just hold you. Why does a pill bug appear from the washing machine?

Stop. I don’t want to hear now. I don’t want to hear your words. You stare at me with unusually serious eyes. I know what you want to say…p-o-o-p-i-e. Oh my, there is no restroom around here.

User @fumipol referenced “Soiled Sorrow” [en], a famous poem written by Japanese poet and translator Chūya Nakahara [en]:

Soiled sorrow. We rent this house. Please don’t scribble there.

The tweets were collected and organized by topics on Togetter and Naver, a service that allows user to construct stories with aggregated social media quotes. Readers posted their impressions:

This collection of poems makes it clear that the love for a husband and the love for a child is that different. LOL. If my husband made these, however, I would never forgive him XD

This is interesting. Every child does the same things. LOL. →Don’t miss it, mothers! #途中から育児の話になるポエム, the best sellection – Naver

Proofreading:Keiko Tanaka, L. Finch

by Mari Wakimoto at August 02, 2013 12:33 PM

Mali Looks for Fresh Start with Presidential Race Down to Two

The results of the first round of the presidential elections have just came in and a second round will be necessary [fr] to separate the two remaining candidates:  Ibrahima Boubacar Keita [fr] who obtained about forty eight percent of the votes and Soumaïla Cissé [fr] who gained about twenty four percent of total votes.

Mali has been plagued with a conflict with different rebel groups in the northern region for the last year and a half. At the peak of the crisis, a military junta led by Captain Amadou Sanogo removed then-president Amadou Toumani Touré in 2012 and took over as a governing body.

Political affiliations aside, the overall voter participation is already cause for celebration. This election is the first step towards a return to normalcy for a country that also faces a refugee crisis and food shortage. The second round will take place on August 11.

The contenders

The early returns from the first round indicate that Ibrahim Boubacar Keita [fr] is the frontrunner to become the next president, with 55,93 percent of votes cast for him early on. In the end, Keita obtained around 40 percent of the votes.  with   Keita was prime minister of Mali from 1994 to 2000 under the presidency of Alpha Oumar Konaré. He then was the president of the National Assembly of Mali from 2002 to 2007. He is also the leader of the political party, Rally for Mali (RPM).

Ibrahima Boubacar Keita from fis facebook page - Public Domain

Ibrahima Boubacar Keita from his Facebook page – Public Domain

His main opponents in the race are Soumaïla Cissé and Dramane Demblé, among others. There were some concerns that the elections would come too soon as some parts of the country in the north are yet to be controlled by the army instead of rebel groups.

While a few candidates have already congratulated Keita on his success, some candidates have already signaled some irregularities in the electoral process. Souamalia Cissé, also a presidential candidate in 2002, claims that some ballots were filled with fraudulent votes. On Koaci blog, Cissé's party stated [fr]:

L’URD, Union pour la République et la démocratie, parti de Soumaila Cissé, est monté au créneau ce mercredi pour dénoncer “un bourrage des urnes”.

The URD, Soumaila Cissé's party, has denounced on Wednesday (31/07)  some instances of ballot stuffing.

Cissé's party added:

Malgré ce bourrage, selon nos chiffres, un second tour est inévitable pour départager notre candidat, Soumaïla Cissé, et Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta [..] Le ministre a annoncé un taux de participation de 53% selon des résultats partiels. Cela donne à peu près 3 600 000 électeurs qui ont voté. Cela veut dire qu'il faudra au minimum 1 800 000 voix pour passer au premier tour, or, à ce jour, aucun candidat n'a plus d'un million de voix

In spite of the ballot stuffing and according to our numbers, a second round is all but guaranteed to sort out the winner between Soumaïla Cissé, and Ibrahim Boubacar Keïta [..] The minister announced that the participation rate was at 53 percent from the early returns. It means that just about 3,600,000 voters have gone to the poll. Therefore, at least 1,800,000 vote is required to win in the first round, yet, as of today, none of the candidate has collected more than a million votes.

An important milestone for Mali 

Because of the conflict with the rebels, many Malians were displaced from their homes and took refuge in neighboring countries. In the following video available on YouTube from the UN High Commissioner for Refugees UNHCR, Jarrou Ag Ahmed, a Malian refugee in Burkina Faso, explains why the president election is an important step for Mali's recovery:

We want to have a president in order to have peace in our country

Others concur, such as Sean Gallagher, Catholic Relief Services country representative in Mali:

The elections are seen as an opportunity in Mali, and people hope that the newly elected leaders can take advantage of this opportunity and address the deep seated problems that have held the country back from working on behalf of the Malian people. There is a sense, also, that the elections will now move the country beyond the coup.

Dr. Christos Kyrou, an expert on peace and conflict resolution, is not quite as optimistic about the new start that the elections may provide for Mali. He explains in the news platform The Fair Observer what lies ahead for Mali and the important challenges it still needs to tackle:

The original causes of the conflict, including poverty, corruption, and the last few years’ persistent drought in northern Mali, are the greatest long-term challenges that the country faces. Also, a lack of elementary infrastructure, job opportunities, water, and basic microeconomic components such as available credit, suggest that unless the international community responds swiftly and provides aid that will target these areas of concern, it will only be a matter of time when the next rebellion takes place.

by Rakotomalala at August 02, 2013 11:11 AM

Tunisian FEMEN Activist Amina Released from Prison

On August 1, a Tunisia court ordered the release of FEMEN activist Amina Sboui, arrested in mid May after she wrote the word FEMEN on a cemetery wall in Kairouan, central of Tunisia. On May 30, she was ordered to pay a fine over the ‘non-authorized’ possession of pepper spray. However, she remained in custody on additional charges, including “belonging to a criminal organization” [FEMEN] and “undermining public morals”. These two charges have been dropped. Although a defamation case against the 19-year-old activist was dismissed on July 29, Amina is still charged with “cemetery desecration”.

Finally, out of prison. But, we will be satisfied with her acquittal.

Photo of Amina as she walks free. She was released on Thursday afternoon. Photo via Tunisian Girl Facebook page

Photo of Amina as she walks free. She was released on Thursday afternoon. Photo via Tunisian Girl's Facebook page

As the news of Amina's release spread, a number of number of Tunisian Twitter users thought of Jabeur Mejri, sentenced to seven and half years in prison last year over the publication of Prophet Muhammad cartoons.

Amina is free. It's the turn to “freejabeur. Let's not forget him.

Amina is free. We are not going to refuse her release but the battle for freedom of expression and conscience continue. #freejabeur

by Afef Abrougui at August 02, 2013 10:03 AM

Brazil Accused of Railroading Indigenous Rights in Proposed Land Bill

[All links lead to Portuguese-language pages unless otherwise noted.]

The Brazilian government has brought a bill that would void the rights of indigenous people over part of their lands to an emergency vote before the full senate, alarming indigenous groups and supporters.

When an emergency bill is filed, it goes directly to the full senate for a vote without being debated by other committees. Complementary Bill (PLP) 227/2012 would in practice allow the state to exploit indigenous lands to suit various economic interests.

The urgency vote on PLP 227 is expected to take place at the end of August, though the President of the Parliamentary Front in Defense of Indigenous Rights, Padre Ton, promises to prevent it until then.

In an article written by Márcio Santilli, the coordinator of the Socio-environmental Institute (Instituto Socioambiental) and ex-president of the National Indian Foundation, the Brazilian governmental agency for indigenous affairs, he says the government will ”legalize large landholdings, deploy land reform settlements, open roads, construct dams and cities and conduct mineral and other natural resource exploitation on indigenous lands”.

Tukano tribe, AM

A tribe of the Tukano ethnicity on the banks of the Rio Negro. Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil. 5/11/2011. Photo by Edson Grandisoli on Flickr. Used with permission.

The specialist accuses the government of political maneuvering and damaging the Brazilian Constitution in relation to indigenous people:

Mas, se é que é possível, a aberração no processo legislativo em curso é ainda mais grave que o conteúdo de verdadeiro estupro aos direitos constitucionais dos índios.

However, if it is possible, the aberration in the ongoing legislative process is even more severe than the content of the real assault on the constitutional rights of the indigenous people.

In a letter delivered to the Brazil's President Dilma Rousseff through the Association of Indigenous Peoples of Brazil (Articulação dos Povos Indígenas do Brasil), the indigenous people answer:

Somos totalmente contrários a quaisquer tentativas de modificação nos procedimentos de demarcação das terras indígenas atualmente patrocinados por setores de seu governo, principalmente a Casa Civil e Advocacia Geral da União (AGU), visando atender a pressão e interesses dos inimigos históricos dos nossos povos, invasores dos nossos territórios; hoje expressivamente representados pelo agronegócio, a bancada ruralista, as mineradoras, madeireiras, empreiteiras, entre outros.

We are totally opposed to any attempts to modify the procedures for demarcation of indigenous lands currently sponsored by sectors of your government, mainly the Chief of Staff and the Office of the Solicitor-General of the Union (AGU) [the authority in charge of the legal advising of the Executive Branch and the judicial and extradicial representation of the State of Brazil, according to Wikipedia], aiming to give in to the pressure and interests of the historical enemies of our people, invaders of our territories; today significantly represented by agribusiness, the rural caucus, mining companies, logging companies and construction companies, among others.

In the document, the indigenous people reject the government's plan for a model of unsustainable development that disrespects the original and fundamental rights of peoples and nature, “guaranteed by the Magna Carta, Convention 169 and UN declarations”.

Many people protested on social networks using the hashtag #GolpePLP227Não (No to the Complementary Bill 227 Coup). Ex-senator Marina Silva (@silva_marina) tweeted on July 16:

Underway in Congress, a major assault on indigenous rights #GolpePLP227Nao Understand here: http://t.co/g6kZwfjaio

Environmental organization Greenpeace (@GreenpeaceBR) and Xingu Vivo (@xinguvivo) also commented:

PLP 227 seeks to repeal, without any debate, the chapter “On the Indians” of the Brazilian Constitution. #GolpePLP227NÃO

This is what lawmakers are trying to bring down:the strength of the indigenous movement and signed accords http://t.co/c4nxviC6qo #GolpePLP227NÃO

Opposite the defenders of indigenous rights, federal representative Moreira Mendes, one of the main representatives of the rural caucus, criticized the social media protests on his Facebook: 

Os comentários feitos nas redes sociais estão completamente desprovidos de conteúdo. Esses ongueiros, essa quadrilha de antropólogos, como já foram denunciados inúmeras vezes por aí, não têm interesse nenhum em regularizar a terra indígena. Querem, na verdade, usar o índio como massa de manobra para os seus interesses escusos.

The comments made on social networks are completely devoid of content. These NGO-ers, this gang of anthropologists, as they have already been reported to be numerous times, have no interest in regularizing indigenous land. In reality, they want to use the Indian as a pawn for their vested interests.

Belo Monte dam licensing 

"Workers and the plaque that marks the construction site of Belo Monte Dam, in the Xingu region, in Pará state - the Pimental site." Photo by Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento [Growth Acceleration Program] on Flickr (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

“Workers next to a sign that marks the construction site of the Belo Monte dam in the Xingu region of Pará state – the Pimental site.” Photo by Programa de Aceleração do Crescimento [Growth Acceleration Program] on Flickr (CC BY-NC-SA 2.0)

While the spotlight was focused on the bill that would hurt the constitution and indigenous rights, another defeat for the indigenous community came on July 16: The federal court authorized the licensing of the Belo Monte hydroelectric dam in the Amazon region.

Claiming an attack against public order and the economy, the court dismissed the claim brought by the Indigenous Missionary Council (Conselho Indigenista Missionário), which demanded work cease on the dam until the elaboration of a law specific to the regulation of the exploitation of energy potential in indigenous areas. The organization underlined the existence of environmental impacts for indigenous communities surrounding the project (see illustration).

Article 176 of the Brazilian constitution outlines that potential hydraulic energy resources belong to the federal government of Brazil, legally known as Union, and exploitation by Brazilian corporations must set specific conditions when they are in the border zone or on indigenous lands. The Solicitor-General of the Union argued that the project and the resulting environmental impact is outside indigenous territory, but the legal arm of the Indigenous Missionary Council should appeal the decision.

by Marcos Williamson at August 02, 2013 09:00 AM

Doc Searls
2013_08_01 Link Pile

Tech

Handbasket to hell

Etc.

by Doc Searls at August 02, 2013 02:58 AM

August 01, 2013

MIT Center for Civic Media
Hackerspaces and Makerspaces in Detroit and Beyond

I spent this past weekend in Michigan for Maker Faire Detroit at The Henry Ford. There was a lot to see, but I was particularly interested in the hacker/makerspaces. When you hear news about Detroit, it's usually in reference to the many troubles facing the region, like the city's recent bankruptcy filing. But hackerspaces in the region aren't just thriving, they're growing and evolving. They're a great example of how people can collaborate to create their own opportunities for education and entrepreneurship, all while having fun.


Geodesic dome and misting umbrella by GR Makers.

There were two new Michigan hackerspaces this year: GR Makers and Lansing Makers Network. Michigan now has hackerspaces in most, if not all, metropolitan areas. GR Makers is worth pointing out, because although they had plenty of projects ranging from whimsical to entrepreneurial, they haven't even opened their space yet. The question "What tools does a hackerspace need?" is getting a lot of attention right now, but the examples of GR Makers, and several other spaces I've followed, suggest that we might be better off asking "What kind of community does a hackerspace need?"


Nate Yost from All Hands Active demonstrates a Kinect-based 3D Scanner.

If new spaces demonstrate the spread of the hackerspace model, the return of older spaces shows that the model can be sustainable. All Hands Active from Ann Arbor, OmniCorpDetroit, and i3 Detroit (of which I'm a founding member) all returned this year. As time goes on, these spaces are looking less like niche clubs, and more like well-established resources for their communities.

Sector67 / Power Racing Series
Hackerspaces race DIY electric cars in the Power Racing Series.

The Faire drew spaces from outside Michigan as well. Hack Pittsburgh, Hive 13 from Cincinnati, and LVL1 from Louisville all had tents. One of the biggest draws for out-of-towners was the Power Racing Series, in which different hackerspaces compete (and collaborate) to race electric cars built from old Fisher-Price Power Wheels parts. Events like Maker Faire and Power Racing Series have become standard ways for spaces to share both skills and culture.


Silkscreen prints by Oyin Zuri of Mt. Elliott Makerspace.

There were also a few groups better described as makerspaces at the Faire. In addition to the commercially-backed Tech Shop and Maker Works, I was excited to see two educational makerspaces breaking the traditional hacker/makerspace mold. The Mt. Elliott Makerspace, founded by Media Lab Director's Fellow Jeff Sturges, was holding workshops for kids to build their own speakers from scratch. I also met a local parent named Oyin Zuri. Her daughter learned silkscreen printing at Mt. Elliott, and then taught her how to do it. Now they're both volunteers at the space. The Detroit Public Library has also opened its own educational youth makerspace, called HYPE. Hackerspaces have been rightly criticized for skewing towards the interests of white, male, young professionals, and these spaces are doing a great job of showing how to include a wider community of makers.

There were of course many spectacular projects to see at Maker Faire (you can read about some of them on the Make blog and mlive). But I find it just as exciting to see the international network of hackerspaces thriving, and to think of the new possibilities that brings to places like Metro Detroit.

by elplatt at August 01, 2013 06:16 PM

Global Voices
Senegalese Literacy Contest Winner Turns Down French Visa in Protest

[All links forward to French-language pages unless otherwise noted.]

For several decades, African people wanting to go to France have run into problems obtaining visas, a consequence of current immigration policies.

Now, one woman from Senegal is speaking out.

Bousso Dramé, the winner of the French Institute of Senegal's 2013 spelling contest as part of their Francophonia competition, was awarded a return plane ticket between Dakar and Paris, and a CultureLab training course in documentary filmmaking at the Albert Schweitzer Centre.

But faced with the degrading behaviour of the French consulate's staff in Dakar, Dramé stood firm and refused to use her French visa – a symbolic act of defiance in the name of all the Senegalese who are denied the respect they deserve by the French delegation to Senegal, a former colony of France.

Since June 20, her open letter to the French consulate in Senegal has been widely circulated on the Internet, agitating the African community. Similarly, it aroused the indignation of netizens throughout the world.

In her letter, she described the actions of the consulate staff:

Cependant, durant mes nombreuses interactions avec, d'une part,  certains membres du personnel de l'Institut Français, et, d'autre part, des agents du Consulat de France, j'ai eu à faire face à des attitudes et propos condescendants, insidieux, sournois et vexatoires. Pas une fois, ni deux fois, mais bien plusieurs fois! Ces attitudes, j'ai vraiment essayé de les ignorer mais l'accueil exécrable dont le Consulat de France a fait montre à mon égard (et à celui de la majorité de Sénégalais demandeurs de visas) a été la goutte d'eau de trop, dans un vase, hélas, déjà plein à ras bord. … Renoncer au nom de tous ces milliers de Sénégalais qui méritent le respect, un respect qu'on leur refuse au sein de ces représentations de la France, en terre sénégalaise, qui plus est.

However, during my numerous exchanges with the French Institute's personnel on the one hand, and staff members of the French Consulate on the other hand, I have had to deal with condescending, insidious, snide, and vexing behaviour and remarks. Not just once, or even twice, but many times! I have genuinely tried to disregard this behaviour, but the French Consulate's loathsome treatment towards me (as well as to the majority of the Senegalese lodging visa applications) has proved to be the straw that breaks the camel's back. … Renouncing in the name of the thousands of Senegalese who are denied the respect they deserve by these French representatives, and in Senegalese territory on top of that.

A chronicle on channel Africa N°1 is devoted to her open letter:

In the video, the host celebrates Dramé's initiative and describes the letter as a massive middle finger salute to its former colonial power. She adds that African political leaders could learn a thing or two from the way Dramé stood up for herself and her country's honor.

In 2008, the French government had asked from its consulates in Africa that they ”pay particular attention to the issuing of visas” to African people “with occupational activities in the artistic, cultural, higher education or research sectors”. However, this did not seem to bring about much change, and in 2009, some artists created a visa committee for artists.

French visa controversies continue to be a regular occurrence in African news.

In July 2012, the denial of visas to two African personalities, Burkinabe Halidou Ouédraogo, the honorary chairman of the Burkinabe Movement for Human Rights and Peoples’ Rights (Mouvement Burkinabè des Droits de l’Homme et des Peuples: MBDHP) and Senegalese academic Oumar Sankharé were splashed on newspaper front pages. Subsequently, in October 2012, Black Fashion Week was marred by visa problems.

The French Consul responded to Dramé in the media. His reply revealed that:

Le consulat traite 32.000 demandes de visas par an, chaque préposée reçoit 35 à 40 personnes par jour.

The Consulate manages 32,000 visa applications every year; each employee receives 35 to 40 people a day.
Le consulat traite 32.000 demandes de visas par an, chaque préposée reçoit 35 à 40 personnes par jour.

On his blog, Hady Ba summed up that Senegal brings in visa revenue of nearly two million US dollars to the French:

Un visa coûte autour de 30 000 Francs CFA. Cela veut dire que les visas rapportent à l’ambassade de France au Sénégal 32 000×30 000 = 960 000 000 de Francs CFA = 1 476 923, 08 d’euros.

A visa costs around 30,000 Francs CFA. This means that visas bring in: 32,000 × 30,000 = 960,000,000 Francs CFA = 1,476,923.08 euros to the French Embassy in Senegal.

He noted us that this money is not refunded when the Consulate denies someone a visa:

la plupart des demandeurs se voient refuser leur visa de manière arbitraire par un Consulat qui gardera quand même le fric.

most of the applicants are denied their visas on arbitrary grounds by a consulate which will keep the money anyway.

Carte des pays nécessitant un visa pour les citoyens français CC-BY.3.0

Map of the countries with visa requirements for French citizens – on Wikipedia. CC-BY-3.0

Although Dramé's message has generated support across borders, with people from various nationalities identifying with her because the offensive treatment of French consulates towards visa applicants is widespread in Africa, there has been some criticism deeming Dramé to be pompous, condemning the mention of her degrees in her letter:

Quelque chose me dérange: Bousso Dramé me fait penser à ces gens, habitués aux 1ères classes et qui pour rien au monde ne voudront s’asseoir en classe éco. Elle n’a pas eu besoin de ce concours pour connaitre la France (où les comportements envers les africains dans les préfectures sont encore pire que dans les ambassades)… et il est plus que certain que dans quelques semaines elle fera le tour des plateaux télés français pour expliquer le ras-le-bol de l’Afrique quant aux traitements « inhumains » de la France etc…

There is something that bothers me: Bousso Dramé reminds me of these people who, used to travelling in first class, would not go second class for anything in the world. She did not need this contest to get to know France (where the administration's behaviour towards African people is far worse than in embassies)… and it is highly likely that in a few weeks, she will be parading on French TV shows to expose Africa's discontent with France's “inhumane treatment”, etc.

Hady Ba concluded his post asserting that:

Mme Dramé contribue à redéfinir les termes de l’échange et c’est une bonne chose. Nos autorités devraient en prendre la graine.

Ms. Dramé contributes to the redefinition of the terms of trade, and it is highly beneficial. The authorities should learn from her.

To conclude, Jacques Enaudeau, a Global Voices contributor and an author for the blog “Africa is a Country”, wrote [en]:

As far as Senegal is concerned, this is all very good news and confirmation that the Nouveau Type de Sénégalais called forth by Y’En A Marre comes in all shapes and sizes. It is however a pity and an outrage that France has not yet come to terms with such a simple reality.

From July 1st, 2013 onwards, Senegal will gradually establish visa reciprocity.

by Ariane Defreine at August 01, 2013 05:28 PM

Andrew McAfee
Big Data’s Three Questions (Answers Available Starting Next Week)

Just a quick note to let people know that I’ll be speaking at three events over the next two weeks as part of Oracle’s Big Data At Work series. Dates and places are

August 6 in San Jose

August 8 in Chicago

August 13 in New York

I’ll be kicking off the day by discussing ‘Big Data’s Three Questions.’ If you’re interested in hearing what they are, and what I think the answers are, please sign up and join us.

Screen Shot 2013-08-01 at 12.29.02 PM

See you in San Jose, Chicago, and/or New York…

by Andrew McAfee at August 01, 2013 04:35 PM

Global Voices
China's ‘Foreign Forces’ Propaganda, Redefined

“Foreign forces” is a term frequently used by the Chinese Communist Party (CCP) and its mouthpieces to describe the political motivation behind opposition voices and groups in China. Once an individual or a group is labelled as being controlled by foreign forces, political prosecution becomes justified.

Now, some Chinese Web users are turning the term back on the Communist Party.

In recent years, as more and more scandals have come to light involving party leaders and government officials who smuggle money out of the country to support the luxury lifestyle of their overseas family members, netizens are actively redefining the meaning of “foreign forces” to mock the corrupt ruling class.

A recent political cartoon by microblogger “Speaking genuinely” is one of the best examples in appropriating the party's political label for describing domestic corruption:

Political cartoon unloaded by micro-blogger "Speaking genuinely" to Sina Weibo.

Political cartoon uploaded by microblogger “Speaking genuinely” to Sina Weibo. The official said: Now that my family is overseas, I can take whatever I like.

Below is an explanation note attached to the cartoon:

【何为“境外势力”】妻子在海外主要从事家庭财产转移洗白工作,儿女在国外各大名校来回炫耀,多处房产在全球自由分散,世界各大银行均有存款…而父亲则是一个始终在国内担任人民公仆并一直致力于把人民币变成美元的苦力,大会小会上慷慨激昂的痛斥腐败,这就叫做境外势力!

[What is "foreign forces"?] The wife, who has settled overseas, is responsible for money laundering the family property. The children are showing off the family wealth in top universities overseas. Their properties are spreading all across the world. Their money has been deposited in all major banks around the world. While the father is a public servant responsible for the hard duty of turning yuan into US dollars, delivering speeches on every occasion against corruption. That is called foreign forces!

Many microbloggers joined in to define “foreign forces” in the post's comment section:

章立凡: 这种势力才是“正能量”,骂他们的人是不爱祖国的“人渣”…

Zhang Lifang: Such forces are the so-called “positive energy”. Those who criticize them are the “scumbag” who do not love their motherland.

大圣2004:身在天朝心在外的“爱国者”!

“Holy 2004″: They are the “patriots” whose bodies are in the Empire but their hearts are all settled overseas.

“Script writer Xiaohua” twisted “a handful of the minority”, another official propaganda term used to describe those who are controlled by foreign forces, to fit the redefinition of “foreign forces”:

编剧少华:境外势力不假,可他们并不是一小撮人。

“Script writer Xiaohua”: They are the real foreign forces, but they are not “a handful of the minority.”

Some commented on the lack of democracy behind the problem of foreign forces:

杨济诚:百姓手中无选票,任凭党棍横行时。

“engine888″: While ordinary people don't have the vote, party bullies can do whatever they want.

薇菡儿:“境外势力”还骂民主,骂普世价值呢。

“Rose bud”: “Foreign forces” also like to criticize democracy and universal value.

道非无道:经济“全球化”,利益“私有化”,子女“西洋化”,政治“牌坊化”,人民“奴仆化”

“Daofeiwudao”: Economy “globalized”, interest “privatized”, offspring “westernized”, politics “sloganized”, people “enslaved”.

“infantry soldier” looked to Russia for ideas how to solve the foreign forces issue:

步兵都尉:期望能象普京一样拿出铁腕来,凡国外有存款的,一律不得担任公职。

“infantry soldier”: I hope to have an iron-clad policy similar to Vladimir Putin‘s and ban those who have foreign bank accounts from becoming government officials.

Others fleshed out the reimagining of the term “foreign forces” even more:

我是老纪:只要风吹草动,他们立刻会回到自己的祖国–美国,与家人团聚。星条旗下他们热泪盈眶,发誓要用生命保卫自己的祖国。

“I am Laoji”: When they spot anything against their interests, they would return back to their motherland — the U.S. — to reunite with their family. Under the U.S. national flag, they have tears in their eyes and swear to protect their motherland.

阳光_珠珠:写的深刻真实可信!不要说上层的高官!我们的身边不也有这样的典范!

“Sunbeam pearl”: So vividly depicts the real situation. This group of people occupy not only the top position. We see so many examples around us.

殷成刚的微博:辛苦这些贪官了,国内做贼一样,贪钱不敢花;国外的老婆寂寞难耐,找男人打发无聊时间;孩子满世界炫富,不时整点事出来!贪官的境界,其实挺高的!

“Yan Chenggang's blog”: These corrupt officials are so poor. They act like thieves and dare not spend any money. Their wives overseas feel lonely and spend time with other men. Their children keep showing off money and creating trouble. It takes a certain character and skill to become a corrupt official.

“Superspeed” (@-劲速-) explained the impact of corruption on the domestic economy:

截止2012年,我国流至境外的资产高达3万亿,已经影响我国的M2总量了,可见我们的“正能量”是多么的“任劳任怨”啊。

“Superspeed”: By the end of 2012, the out flow of cash to overseas is as high as 3,000 billion yuan (500 billion US dollars). It has an impact on our domestic currency flow already. The “positive energy” is working so hard.

by Oiwan Lam at August 01, 2013 12:49 PM

Tunisia: Political Crisis Escalates After 8 Soldiers Killed in Ambush

Tunisians are in shock following an ambush which left eight soldiers dead and three injured near the Algerian border. The incident took place on Monday, in the mountainous area of Chammbi in the Governorate of Kasserine, some 290 kilometers south of the capital Tunis. According to media reports, five of the soldiers killed had their throats cut.

The youngest of the soldiers is aged 21, the oldest is 31. This reflects the image of a Tunisian youth being sacrificed. #RIP

For several months Tunisian armed and security forces have been hunting for Islamic militants believed to be related to Al-Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM), on Mount Chammbi. Land mine explosions in the months of April, May and June left two soldiers dead and at least 14 injured among the security and armed forces. Interim President Moncef Marzouki described the ambush as a “terrorist attack”. “We have entered the period of terrorism. We are going to pass through a difficult period but we shall overcome it”, he said in a televised speech.

Names of soldiers killed on Mount Chaambi.

Names of soldiers killed on Mount Chaambi.

With news of the tragedy spreading, speculations and accusations on social media started to multiply:

conspiracy theories about #Chaambi multiplying in Tunisia. Some blame the RCD (former ruling party of Zeine el Abidin Ben Ali), others Ennahdha (the Islamist movement leading the coalition government) or the Algerian intelligence services.

@_DavidThomson Tunisians have become more paranoid than Americans. You did not mention the Mossad. The last thing we need is to have the aliens as suspects.

When asked about who he thinks is behind the bloody ambush, Tunis-based France24 journalist, David Thomson answered:

I think it is an isolated jihadist group, independent from any other organization. I could be wrong, though

As with the assassination of opposition MP Mohamed Brahmi and leftist opposition leader Chokri Belaid, the three-party coalition government led by the Islamist Ennahdha Movement was blamed. Opposition figures and activists have often accused the government of not taking matters of terrorism seriously and of tolerating religious extremists.

Ennahdha's message is clear, if you make us leave [power], we will set #Tunisia on fire. This reminds me of ZABA [former president Zeine el Abidin Ben Ali, whose ouster on January 14, 2011 led to a wave of violence and acts of vandalism]

The ruling counter-revolution which never sought to fight terrorism is responsible for what happened in #Chaambi

We are all moved by what happened in Chaambi. But, quickly accusing Ennahdha is stupid

Monday's bloody ambush is deepening the political crisis Tunisia is already facing following the assassination of opposition MP Mohamed Brahmi on July 25. Thousands have been taking to the streets demanding the fall of the three-party coalition government, led by the Islamist Ennahdha Movement. A sit-in demanding the dissolution of the National Constituent Assembly (NCA), tasked with drafting a new constitution is under way. According Marsad, a civil society group which tracks the work of the NCA, 60 MPs withdrew from the NCA.

List of MPs for (green) and against (red) the dissolution of the NCA. Source: Marsad.tn

List of MPs for (red) and against (green) the dissolution of the NCA. Source: Marsad.tn

Tunisia's largest labor union has called upon the government to resign and put in place a technocratic one. The union opposed the dissolution of the NCA and suggested the formation of a committee of experts to revise the latest draft constitution in two weeks before submitting it for a vote in the NCA.

Following the UGTT's deceit, the only way left is the street. Let's carry on the battle.

For many, the UGTT can appear soft. But, these are the least populist and most realistic decision, the UGTT took since January 14

As anti-gov protests continue, a military operation in underway to clear Mount Chaambi from suspected Islamic militants.

by Afef Abrougui at August 01, 2013 11:01 AM

Brazilians Ask ‘Where is Amarildo?', Favela Resident Missing After Arrest

[All links lead to Portuguese-language pages unless otherwise noted.]

A campaign questioning the whereabouts of Amarindo Dias de Souza, a missing 47-year-old resident of Rio de Janeiro's Favela da Rocinha [en] who was last seen in the slum as he was arrested by military police assigned to the neighborhood, is spreading throughout Brazilian social media.

Dias de Souza was arrested on July 14, 2013 in Rocinha, known as the largest slum in the world, by agents of the Pacifying Police Unit [en] (UPP). The agents claim he was released shortly after, but Dias de Souza hasn't been seen since.

“Where is Amarildo?”, led by movements and leaders who fight against police violence in Brazil, has been sounding the call about the man's disappearance. Dias de Souza is father of six children and lives with them and his wife in a shed with just one room, subsisting on just 300 Brazilian reais (about 133 US dollars) a month. Since he was allegedly kidnapped by military police in Rio in that Sunday night, his family is starving.

The governor of Rio de Janeiro, Sergio Cabral, met with Amarildo’s family on July 24 and promised to “mobilize all the government” to find him. Dias de Souza's wife, Elisabeth Gomes da Silva, said that she left the meeting frustrated with the governor, and that no concrete solution has been shown to find her Amarildo.

On the same day, the governor said that Dias de Souza’s family may enter the government program for protection of witnesses. The measure was criticized by state representative Marcelo Freixo on his Facebook account because of the long waiting line to be admitted on this program.

Picture of Amarildo’s family in Rocinha that became viral on Facebook and have been shared hundred times with the hashtag #OndeEstáAmarildo? (#WhereisAmarildo?)

Picture of Amarildo’s family in Rocinha that became viral on Facebook and has been shared hundred times with the hashtag #OndeEstáAmarildo? (#WhereisAmarildo?)

Jorge Antonio Barros, a blogger who specialized in security issues, highlighted to campaign:

Como trata-se de um morador pobre de uma favela do Rio, esse caso tem tudo para cair no esquecimento. Felizmente a onda de protestos mantém a comunidade mobilizada.

Since he is a resident of a poor ‘favela’ in Rio, this case will probably be forgotten. Fortunately the wave of demonstrations keep the community mobilized.

An in another post he added:

O que é preciso de fato é que seja estabelecido o estado de direito democrático na favela pacificada. A polícia tem que agir por lá como age em áreas nobres da cidade

In fact what is necessary is for the democratic rule of law to be established in the pacified favela. Police must act there as they act in rich areas of the city

Profiles of social movements that fight against police violence, such as Mães de Maio (Mothers of May) and Rede de Comunidades e Movimentos contra a Violência (Network of Communities and Movements Against Violence), have promoted the campaign constantly, with strong echoes on Facebook. With images, calls for justice, and solidarity demonstrations around Brazil, Dias de Souza has been widespread in the last weeks of July.

Banner on Facebook page of Mães de Maio. (The world wants to know- Where is Amarildo?)

Banner on the Facebook page of Mães de Maio: “The world wants to know- Where is Amarildo?”

Residents of Favela do Moinho demonstrating their solidarity. Picture: Caio Castor, used with permission.

Residents of Favela do Moinho demonstrating their solidarity. Photo by Caio Castor. Used with permission.

The residents of Favela do Moinho in São Paulo, who suffer property speculation in the city and are organized in an important resistance movement, also demonstrated their solidarity.

On Facebook, translations of the phrase “Where is Amarildo” have been spread in many languages, with the aim to get international support and pressure for this case.

Solidarity came from many places such as Uruguay, EnglandPalestine, USA, France and Spain. A Brazilian man who lives in Berlin created a meme to spread awareness about the campaign in Germany.

On July 18, well-known rapper MV Bill commented on his Twitter:

Amarildo’s family, while affirming that he is not involved with any drug trafficking, says that they want “just a body for a dignified burial”.

Among the demonstrations in the streets and also on social media, a large protest on Twitter was called for the afternoon of July 24 with the hashtag #CadêOAmarildo (WhereIsAmarildo), which became a trending topic of Twitter.

Taking advantage of pope’s visit to Rio de Janeiro for World Youth Day, a group of activists projected a message for the pontiff in a building in downtown city. During the Pope visit to a favela of Rio on July 25, journalist Bolívar Torres (@inner_island) wrote on Twitter:

A journalist said that the Pope “made a strong political speech”. It’s impossible to be strong and political without mentioning #cadeoamarildo

Gianlluca Simi, writing for the magazine O Viés, said:

Não há novidades sobre o paradeiro de Amarildo. O seu caso é frequentemente divulgado em redes sociais e a pressão para esclarecê-lo tem aumentado por todo o Brasil. Sabemos, pela dedilhar do dia-a-dia, que as providências prometidas pelas autoridades não vão necessariamente se tornar realidade. Isso, no entanto, pouco tem a ver com o descrédito às instituições do país em si. Tem muito mais a ver com a mentalidade que cerca o desaparecimento de um negro, pobre e favelado. São dois cenários que, infelizmente, já não nos assustam mais: a polícia que aterroriza e o favelado (suposto criminoso) que desaparece.

There is no news of the whereabouts of Amarildo. His case is frequently spread on social media and the pressure to solve it is increasing throughout all of Brazil. We know, as is usual on daily basis, that measures promised by authorities would not necessarily become true. However, this is not related to the discredit of the country's institutions. This is much more related to the mentality that surrounds the disappearance of a black, poor resident of a favela. There are two scenarios that, unfortunately, no longer scare us: The police that terrify and the resident of favelas (alleged criminal) who disappears.

Written and translated in collaboration with Raphael Tsavkko Garcia.

by Mariana Parra at August 01, 2013 10:39 AM

Harvard Law Library Innovation Lab

July 31, 2013

Global Voices Advocacy
Peru: Child Online Protection Bill Could Threaten Free Expression
Photo by One Laptop Per Child. (CC BY 2.0)

Photo by One Laptop Per Child. (CC BY 2.0)

[Links are to Spanish-language pages except where noted.]

With the aim of keeping Peruvian children safe, Congressman Omar Chehade has proposed a bill to protect minors from Internet pornography. But according to some experts, if the bill becomes law, it could end up restricting freedom of expression for all Internet users.

Legislators from the governing Peruvian Nationalist Party presented the bill last July 22. Its preamble states that it is the duty of the state to protect children and adolescents, and that they face potential risks in the use of new technologies that “threaten their sexual freedom.” (p.1) They note that given Internet use by minors for recreational purposes is on the rise, “it is necessary to establish a framework to protect them from cyberspace.” (p.7)

The most worrisome aspect is that the proposed law would create a Commission to Protect Minors from Pornographic Internet Content (COPROME), which would be charged with “choosing, in an impartial, transparent and reasonable manner, the content that would be blocked by Internet service providers.” (p.18) The commission would “permanently monitor the content circulating on the Internet in order to identify those sites or services that should not be propagated in cyberspace.” (p.19)

The bill explains that COPROME “would be able to filter content by Internet service providers in order to restrict minors’ access to pornographic content.”

For lawyer Erick Iriarte Ahón, the bill is clearly aimed at controlling content. On his blog he comments on the use of filters:

[El proyecto] se creara una Comisión que tendrá que colocar filtros que monitorearan contenidos previamente. Y aquí empiezan las preguntas: ¿Cómo estos filtros determinarán quién es un menor de edad? ¿Cómo se limitará que el contenido filtrado solo sea el de contenido pornográfico frente a un menor de edad, y no contenido que cualquiera desee acceder en cualquier momento? ¿Dónde esta el límite de pasar de control de contenidos pornográficos a control de contenidos políticos, religiosos, sindicales u otros?. Crear un “comité de decencia” como se ha intentado en otros países es un camino a crear un “Ministerio de la Verdad” a lo 1984.

[The proposed law] would create a commission that would have to set up preventative filters to monitor content. And so the questions begin: How will these filters determine who is a minor? How will filtering prevent only pornographic content from reaching minors and not content that any user might want to access at any given time? Where does one draw the line between controlling pornographic content and controlling political, religious, labour union or other kinds of content? To create a “decency committee,” as has been tried in other countries, is going down the road to a 1984-style “Ministry of Truth.”

What's more, Iriarte finds it odd that the bill is being put forward against the backdrop of “accusations that the National Intelligence Directorate (#DINI) is monitoring the Web” and “the comments by Congressman Eguren that one should not govern listening to Twitter users.” He adds that:

Es un error tratar de hacer una regulación de este tipo….hay que mirar…el intento de USA de crear el Child Online Protection Act (COPA) donde la American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) fue quien logró que esta ley fuera declarada inconstitucional, un proyecto cuestionado por entidades de sociedad civil que encontraban vulneraban el derecho del acceso a la información y además de libertad de expresión y daban instrumento de control de contenidos al gobierno.

It is a mistake to try and regulate this way…one has to look…at the attempt by the USA to create the Child Online Protection Act (COPA) where the American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU) were the ones who managed to get the law declared unconstitutional, a law questioned by civil society advocates who found that it weakened access to information and freedom of expression and that it was an instrument by which government could control Internet content.

Lawyer Miguel Morachimo also believes that the proposed law—as currently drafted—threatens freedom of expression and questions whether, by restricting minors’ access to adult content, it is necessary to set up mandatory preventative filters on all Internet content. After pointing out certain false premises contained in the bill, he posits a few inherent problems:

Imagínense a un grupo de siete funcionarios estatales mirando todos los días cantidades alucinantes de pornografía y decidiendo qué contenidos serán prohibidos. Probablemente durante las primeras horas terminaría por censurar páginas como Tumblr, Twitter o Flickr. Esas tres páginas albergan contenidos para adultos y, sin embargo, también son herramientas de comunicación y libre expresión usadas con otros fines. ¿Qué haría en esos casos nuestro Comité Censor de Internet?

Imagine a group of seven public servants watching astounding amounts of pornography daily and deciding what content to prohibit. Within the first few hours they would probably end up censoring pages like Tumblr, Twitter or Flickr. These three sites host content for adults and, nevertheless, also function as communication and free speech tools for other purposes. What would our Censorship Committee do in those cases?

Morachimo goes on to suggest other possible alternatives to a content blocking system:

[E]l Estado [podría] invitar a los proveedores de servicios de Internet a buscar mejores formas de vender y promocionar sus filtros parentales….Los operadores podrían ofrecer planes móviles especiales para menores de edad, de la misma manera en que se ofrecen en otros países. Existen muchas formas de atacar este problema que no pasan por restringir las libertades del grueso de los usuarios.

[T]he State [could] invite Internet service providers to look for better ways of promoting and selling parental controls…Operators could offer special wireless plans for minors, in the same way as they do in other countries. There are many ways of attacking the problem that do not involve infringing on the rights of the majority of users.

Given the recent date of the bill, which almost coincides with the end of the legislative term, there has been little debate on the matter, though on Twitter as on Facebook a few comments can already be found under the hashtag #leychehade. However, it remains to be seen whether, when Congress reconvenes, digital rights activists undertake activities to inform citizens and pressure members of Congress not to pass the bill.

Original version of this post published on the blog Globalizado.

by Victoria Robertson at July 31, 2013 11:43 PM

Global Voices
Transgender Teen's Murder Raises Spectre of Jamaican Homophobia

After the recent mob murder of a cross-dressing gay youth, Jamaica, which has an international reputation for being one of the most homophobic countries in the Caribbean, has once again found itself having to confront its attitude towards gay and transgender people.

Active Voice published two posts about the murder. In the first, she provided some background into the circumstances that prompted the attack:

I’ve been very disturbed by the wanton slaying of the young wo/man in these photographs, Dwayne Jones. S/he was killed on Monday night in St. James, not far from Montego Bay, the tourism capital of Jamaica. Dwayne was killed after a woman recognized him and irresponsibly outed him at a party he attended cross-dressed in female clothes.

The blogger, Annie Paul, continued:

I think this woman should be identified and made an example of, don’t you? She must be sanctioned for needlessly endangering the life of a Jamaican citizen. And the media should treat this as the front page story it really is. Had Dwayne Jones come from Cherry Gardens or Norbrook, there wouldn’t have been another news item in Jamaica since Monday. But poor Dwayne was just a Gully person, worse he was an effeminate trans gendered Gully person…no space for him, no place, no grace, only jungle justice.

Minority-Insight also blogged about the murder, citing a news report which stated:

The 17-year-old was dressed as a female and was dancing with a male, when a woman at the party recognized him and told other patrons that he was not a woman, but a male. One of the men at the party accosted the teen and conducted a search where he discovered that the teen was not a female. A mob then descended on the teen and chopped and stabbed him to death, before dumping his body in bushes along the Orange main road.

No arrest has been made, prompting the blog to comment:

The brutal killings and public execution of gay, lesbian and trans-gender Jamaicans is a disheartening reality for many who live in the open and shadows. In December 2010, the Jamaica Forum for Lesbians All-Sexuals and Gays (J-FLAG) called for a thorough investigation of a case in which the body of a reported cross dresser was found with stab wounds in St Andrew. However, the murder remains unsolved due to a lack of interest demonstrated by the investigation team and police authorities due to the victims’ sexuality and lifestyle (gay).

The lack of respect and protection for the life of gays living in Jamaica demonstrates a systematic and cultural prejudice and hatred for homosexuals and the air they breathe. The government and its leader Prime Minister Portia Simpson continue to disregard the interest, safety and the right to life of gay, lesbian, and trans-gender Jamaicans.

The post also called into question the country's buggery laws, which are still in existence:

The punitive laws of Jamaica, such as the Offences Against the Person Act (Buggery law) which criminalizes the act of consensual anal sex between gay men, and public demonstration of homosexuality up to 10 years in prison with hard labor, along with the moral concept of normality, empower and motive anti-gay civilians and mobs to attack, beat and kill gays, as well as rape lesbians.

Minority-Insight saw it as a human rights issue:

Clearly, over the past years, we have seen the abuse of the rights and dignity of gays living in Jamaica. In January 2011, (J-FLAG) recorded fifty-one incidents of attacks against LGBT including, home invasions, physical assaults and mob attacks. In June 2012, members of the Jamaican LGBT community reported that eight gay men had been murdered in the prior three months.

The organization has also emphas[ized] the lack of report[s] being made by victims of homophobic attacks due to fear of future attacks or abuses, especially from the police officers, who often refuse to take or document self-identified gay victims incidents.

When will our gay brothers and sisters be free from bondage and persecution? How much more innocent blood will be shed before the government step in and protect the lives of GAY Jamaicans?

On Twitter, Sally Porteous echoed this sentiment in response to a press release about the murder tweeted by Jamaicans For Justice:

Kamal Fizazi asked:

In her follow-up post, Annie Paul shared some reflections on the teen's death. She began by pointing out how many Jamaicans were outraged by the acquittal of George Zimmerman in Trayvon Martin's murder and explaining that part of the reason why people become so invested in U.S.-based news stories is because of the skill of American mainstream media in personalising its subjects:

Not many countries have the sheer heft of media muscle that the USA can lay claim to. Our media in small places like Jamaica lack the infrastructure, the traction and the reach of American media. We also have far more deaths, murders and killings per capita than the media can possibly keep up with even if they had the will and the ability to do so.

Alexis Goffe, a spokesperson for the human rights group Jamaicans for Justice, recently observed that another reason there is little or no outrage about the legion of local Trayvons is that in these situations most educated Jamaicans identify with Zimmerman rather than Trayvon. After all Trayvon’s profile fits that of the ‘idle youth’ most gated and residential communities in Jamaica remain wary of. They want the Jamaican equivalents of Trayvon Martin to be kept in their place, on pain of severe punishment and even death. Since the start of the year Jamaican Police have killed 114 citizens, yet it’s business as usual in this tourist paradise.

She then made a connection between the overriding Jamaican attitude towards those ‘idle youth’ and Dwayne Jones’ death:

For most Jamaicans such deaths when they happen are non-stories–like the slaying of young Dwayne Jones aka Gully Queen…Details are sketchy but early reports said that Jones was killed by a mob that stabbed and shot him to death, flinging his body into nearby bushes.

In most countries a lynching such as this would be front-page news but not in Jamaica, known far and wide for its hostility towards homosexuals. The police have said that they can’t prove that there is a link between Dwayne’s cross-dressing and his murder and the media has barely taken note of the gruesome slaying. Judging by comments made on social media most Jamaicans think Dwayne Jones brought his death on himself for wearing a dress and dancing in a society that has made it abundantly clear that homosexuals are neither to be seen nor heard.

Paul ended by laying the blame squarely on the shoulders of the Jamaican public:

Attempts to portray the mob killing as a hate crime have also been futile. ‘Dwayne Jones chose to tempt fate’ seems to be the popular feeling, ‘and he got what was coming to him.’ Which is like saying Trayvon Martin tempted fate by lingering in the wrong neighbourhood; he got what was coming to him. Dwayne Jones decided to wear a dress and dance and for that he was put to death by a motley crowd. Most Jamaicans seem to think there is nothing at all wrong with this judging by the lack of outrage, scant media attention and silence from the political directorate.

This tweet by Simone Harris said it all:

by Janine Mendes-Franco at July 31, 2013 10:52 PM

What Does a “Green Party” Win Mean for Trinidad & Tobago Politics?

Trinidad and Tobago‘s hotly contested Chaguanas West by-election ended with a resounding victory on Monday night for Jack Warner, who reclaimed his seat with a convincing win over his nearest competitor. Warner's newly formed Independent Liberal Party received 12,631 votes; the United National Congress (the party of the current Prime Minister), the ILP's closest rival and the party which Warner formerly chaired, garnered just 5,126 votes. The People's National Movement, which at present occupies the opposition bench in Parliament, managed to secure only 422 votes.

On voting day, prior to the ballots being counted, aka_lol published a post with some “random thoughts” on the by-election:

Random Thought 1

A vote for Jack is really a vote against Kamla.

Random Thought 4

For the many Green supporters in Trinidad and Tobago Jack, despite his reputed international affairs with money, is seen as more honest than the Kamla cabal. Before the Peoples Partnership got into power Jack was the moral and financial backbone of the party. Now that many contracts have been awarded and many of the select contractors paid, Jack’s money is now frowned upon by those who once were in love with it and slept with it nightly.

To the majority of supporters of the PP [the current People's Partnership coalition government], Kamla and company, after the unexpected big election victory, gave the spoils of the land to a small handful of financiers, completely forgetting why the country voted against the Manning [former Prime Minister and leader of the People's National Movement, which lost the last general election and is now in opposition] regime. Despite the outcome of the Chaguanas West by-election Kamla and Company must understand that a large section of their supporters are extremely dissatisfied with their performance and they are seen as vindictive, greedy, dishonest, and self-serving. The Kamla-led UNC cabal is seen as no different to Manning and his madness and probably are even worse.

The outcome certainly signals that people wanted a change. Once the results were confirmed, the same blogger published a follow-up post quoting from unidentified “newspapers”:

Article 1:

Despite hundreds of thousands of dollars from the usual sources pumped into the by-election campaign, the ruling party lost by a margin that makes huge look small. As the results started to come in just after eight last night, loud screams of pleasure could be heard throughout the country as it became apparent that Mr. Warner was beating the U.N.C along with their arrogance, vindictiveness and dignitaries to a proverbial pulp. Though the majority of citizens were not entitled to vote in the by-election they were satisfied that the people in power (PIP) was being taught the lesson they refused to learn over the last few years.

Article 2:
A very embarrassed…P.M. has blamed her election loss on the the abundance of those flashing blue lights on her dignitaries’ Prados. She theorized that those blue lights had a negative effect on voters in the Chaguanas West constituency causing them to see green instead of yellow at the polling stations.

Plain Talk took a more serious view of developments:

The results of the polls in Chaguanas West does not auger well for the future of Trinidad & Tobago…what happened in that election could well spell the beginning of a new grab for power among the elite, where candidates are bankrolled and placed in the House of Representatives as bargaining chips to negotiate directly on their behalf and in their interests.

He questioned the authenticity of the Warner campaign…

Does anyone really think that Jack did any of this on his own? Please, the man can barely speak, but what he represents is something far more sinister than we dared imagine, the enemy within.

In this land of lazy advocates and irresponsible citizens our desire for a fix-all messiah to solve all our problems has delivered us to our ending riding high on the promise of a box drain and a pavement, and a little way farther down the road we will arrive upon it, courtesy of our own selfish immaturity.

…then took a broader view of the situation:

We have had ample time to fix things, but for fifty one years we've been content to hobble from public drunken holiday to public drunken holiday as we slowly circled the drain. Now all we have left is hope, as in hope we don't end up in a public hospital needing treatment or God forbid hope we don't end up the victim of a crime. We the people of Trinidad & Tobago have failed our nation and our children by this action, and history will call for an accounting as to what drove us to this apparent madness.

Think I am wrong? Read the international news, see what the rest of the world thinks of our foolishness and understand how the world views us now. Sure, they will stick around long enough to know where we are on a map, until our petrochemical value runs out, but after that we're on our own, left to our own devices like the children of the other failed states who, having had their moment in the sun, chose to use it to burn their own civilization down instead.

Demokrissy, meanwhile, suggested that the winds of political change were blowing, comparing them to “the breezes of the Arab Spring”:

Wherever these breezes have passed, they have left in their wake wide ranging social and political changes: Such additional demands on governments and public and private institutions for greater transparency, accountability, responsibility, fairness, balance and equity, performance and delivery of goods and services are pressuring not only so called anti democracies but also well established democracies of Americas, Europe and Asia. But in other parts there is a backlash and the breezes have been met with counter reprisals of oppressive curbs to civil liberties, human rights and freedoms.

So do you feel it? Here I mean, in the Caribbean. Or is it that we are in that time lag – between being informed and accepting the information?

Information – at least about the outcome of the by-election – was flowing freely on Twitter. Some Twitter users thought the results signaled a departure from tribal voting:

Crystal Dawn Jagdeo felt that it boiled down to performance:

Plain Talk remained unconvinced, saying:

The people of Trinidad & Tobago supported, rallied behind and elected to Parliament a man of international ignominy and with many, many questions of serious impropriety hanging over his head. We did this sober and with full control of our faculties, unforced and without coercion or duress. The obvious question then that begs to be asked is, what does that say about us as a people?

by Janine Mendes-Franco at July 31, 2013 08:56 PM

Global Voices Advocacy
Netizen Report: The Manning Verdict
Bradley Manning. Photo by US Army. Released to public domain.

Bradley Manning. Photo by US Army. Released to public domain.

Most of this report was researched, written, and edited by Lisa Ferguson, Hae-in Lim, Yuqi Chen, Alex Laverty, Ellery Roberts Biddle, and Sarah Myers.

Global Voices Advocacy's Netizen Report offers an international snapshot of challenges, victories, and emerging trends in Internet rights around the world. This week we begin in the US, where military officer and whistleblower Bradley Manning has been convicted of multiple charges of espionage. We then move to the MENA region, where bloggers in Saudi Arabia and Bahrain are facing new threats from government.

Freedom of Information

A US military court convicted military officer Bradley Manning of 20 out of 22 charges filed against him, including multiple charges under the Espionage Act of 1917. Prosecuted by the US government for leaking over 700,000 classified documents and other media to transparency platform WikiLeaks, Manning has been imprisoned and held in solitary confinement since his arrest in 2010. Manning was found not guilty of “aiding the enemy,” the most controversial charge brought against him, but could still face a lifetime in prison. A sentencing hearing for Manning begins today.

In The Guardian, Dan Gillmor and Yochai Benkler commented on what the verdict means for national security journalism in the United. Benkler described the decision as setting a “chilling precedent” for future cases.

The Bradley Manning Support Network is publishing frequent updates on court proceedings and reactions to the news.

Thuggery

Blogger and Global Voices contributor Mohamed Hassan was arrested in Bahrain today in an early morning raid on his home. On Twitter, individuals reported police seized Hassan's computer and cell phone. Hassan, known in the blogosphere as Safy, stopped blogging in April of 2013. Supporters are communicating about his arrest using the hashtag #FreeSafy.

A Saudi court convicted activist and Free Saudi Liberals website founder Raif Badawi of violating the country's anti-cybercrime law. Badawi, who was found guilty of “insulting Islam”, was sentenced to 600 lashes and seven years in prison.

Syrian security forces arrested and jailed 62 year-old Syrian artist Youssef Abdelke last week after he signed a declaration demanding the ouster of President Bashar al-Assad and a UN-supervised transition to an interim government. His wife, a prominent filmmaker, launched a Facebook campaign calling for his release. Over 700 writers, artists, academics, and journalists from the region have signed the petition, including prominent artists Serwan Baran and Ayman Baalbaki.

In better news, Kuwait's Emir issued a pardon to dozens of individuals who had been arrested and prosecuted for insulting him on Twitter.

Free Expression

Numerous reports held that bulk SMS messages were being blocked in Zimbabwe ahead of general elections in the country, which take place today, July 31. Inquiries to Econet, a major mobile service provider in the country, revealed that the country's Posts and Telecommunications Regulatory Authority requested that providers block bulk messages coming from outside the country “for political reasons.”

The UK government has mandated that all Internet Service Providers install filters that will target adult pornographic content for users who do not deliberately “opt out” of this service by January 1, 2014. UK NGO Open Rights Group has warned that these will “reach far beyond pornography,” leading to the de facto censorship of age-appropriate content.

British PM David Cameron is concurrently pursuing more aggressive methods for stopping the circulation of child pornography online. Observers have noted that Internet and online service providers already take great pains to eliminate child pornography, which is illegal in nearly every country in the world, from their networks.

The Chinese government is working to defend youth from “spiritual pollution” with a new anti-pornography campaign. Porn websites, online games, advertisements, blogs, and social networks can now be shut down for hosting pornographic content. Critics claim that targeted content will “run the gamut from porn to wayward politics.”

The Committee to Protect Journalists has urged Barack Obama to discuss on press and online freedom issues during his upcoming visit to Vietnam. The Vietnamese government has introduced various restrictive Internet policies in recent years; thirty-six bloggers are currently imprisoned in Vietnam.

Surveillance

Digital rights advocacy groups Electronic Frontier Foundation, Privacy International, and Access Now launched a set of principles for human rights-protective communications surveillance practices for governments worldwide. 118 NGOs have endorsed the principles, which are currently available in multiple languages including Spanish, Polish, and Russian.

Members of the US Congress voted on an amendment that would end Congressional funding for certain controversial surveillance programs run by the National Security Agency (NSA). A group of Internet activists set up the site DefundtheNSA.com in an effort to influence the vote. The measure was narrowly defeated 205 to 217.

A team of researchers at University of Toronto have developed IXmaps, an interactive tool (and video) that maps the path of data packets as they traverse the Internet. The map shows how nearly all of the United States’ Internet traffic passes through one or more of 18 US cities and explains that the NSA can perform comprehensive surveillance of American Internet users by setting up splitters at these exchange points.

Cybersecurity

New reports confirmed that intelligence and defense service providers in Australia, the US, the UK, Canada, and New Zealand have banned the use of Lenovo computers on “secret” or “top secret” networks since the mid-2000s. Government security agents feared that “malicious circuits” and insecure firmware in Lenovo computer chips could generate security threats. Lenovo, a Chinese company that is the world's largest manufacturer of personal computers, said it was unaware of the ban. The company continues to supply computers to Western governments for unclassified networks.

Cool Things

Data-visualisation designer Ruslan Enikeev has created an Internet map that contains 350,0000 different website planets Internet users across the globe that received the most clicks. The size and color of the “planet” is tied to traffic and country of origin, while all “planets” were mapped according to the relationships to others. Google, Facebook, YouTube, and Yahoo! are among the biggest planets on the map.

Publications and Studies

Subscribe to the Netizen Report by email

For upcoming events related to the future of citizen rights in the digital age, see the Global Voices Events Calendar.

 

by Netizen Report Team at July 31, 2013 07:31 PM

Technology | Academics | Policy
Jonathan Zittrain Discusses His Concerns of Censorship as More Electronic Books Move to the Cloud
In his article for Wired magazine, Harvard law professor Jonathan Zittrain examines issues of censorship, content altering, and access restrictions that are unique to books in electronic formats.

July 31, 2013 06:44 PM

Global Voices
Zimbabweans Vote as President Mugabe Seeks Seventh Term

Zimbabweans voted today in critical elections that will determine if longtime leader Robert Mugabe will remain at the helm of the African country or if one of his four challengers, including current Prime Minister Morgan Tsvangirai, will take over.

The peaceful elections were the first since the formation of a coalition government between Mugabe's Zanu PF party and Tsvangirai's The Movement for Democratic Change. The coalition was formed following the last disputed and bloody elections in 2008.

Mugabe, who is 89 years old and has been in power for 33 years, has promised to give up power if he loses. Coming to rule in 1980, he is the only president the country has had since its independence from Britain.

President Robert Mugabe is the second oldest presidential candidate in Africa. Photo released to the public domain by the U.S. federal government.

President Robert Mugabe is the oldest leader in Africa. Photo released to the public domain by the U.S. federal government.

Mugabe ignored protests from his coalition partners and Zimbabwean citizens after he unilaterally declared 31 July, 2013 as the date the country will hold elections. The Constitutional Court ordered Robert Mugabe to hold elections by 31 July following a successful application by Jealousy Mawarire, director of the Centre for Elections and Democracy in Southern Africa (CEDSA).

Zimbabwe election reports are trending on Twitter under the hashtags #ZimElections, #ZimbabweDecides, #ZimDecides and #ZimbabweElections.

Social entrepreneur Sir Nigel (@SirNige), emphasised the importance of traditional media during the elections:

Realist Diva (@Da4RealDiva) in Bulawayo wrote:

Bonny K'ochieng (@orengbony) wrote that free and fair voting is the most important:

Southern Eye (@SoutherneyeZim), a local newspaper, reported:

Crisis Coalition, a conglomeration of more than 350 civic society organisations in Zimbabwe, asked voters to dispel the myth that votes do not count:

Idriss Ali Nassah (@mynassah) shared a touching story of a dedicated voter:

Gideon S.F. Moyo (@Giddo90), a student, noted that committed voters were prepared to queue as long as it takes:

However, Mike Madoda (@mikemadoda) wrote the following about one polling station in the capital, Harare:

African Election (@Africanelection), a project that empowers reporters and citizen with new media tools for election coverage and monitoring, expressed fear that voters in some areas will be frustrated by a shortage of polling stations:

Hopewell C (@hopewellc) complained about the state-owned Zimbabwe Broadcasting Corporation:

Zweli on the Cusp (@Zwellibanzy) explained the fear that drives some voters to want to use their own pens:

Joseph Madondo (@jmad263) advised voters:

Zimbabwean journalist Jessie Dendere (@jessiedendere) was critical of Tsvangirai's faction MDCT:

Fore more coverage, please visit Vote Watch 263, a Ushahidi-based citizen platform for election analysis.

by Ndesanjo Macha at July 31, 2013 06:33 PM

Global Voices Advocacy
#FreeSafy – Bahrain Arrests Blogger in Dawn Raid

Bahraini blogger Mohamed Hassan was arrested from his home in an early morning raid today, July 31. According to reports, police raided his Sitra home and arrested him, confiscating his telephone and computer in the process. Reports also claim they had an arrest warrant.

The arrest of Mohammed, known as Safy, and who is a Global Voices Online author who has covered Bahrain, drew criticism from netizens. UAE commentator Sultan Al Qassemi tweets:

In a follow up comment, he says the arrest of bloggers was a sign of the times in the region:

And activist Alaa Al Shehabi replies:

This sentiment of an impending crackdown on netizens is a recurring theme this morning. Mohammed Al Maskati, who was previously arrested at the beginning of protests in Bahrain in March 2011, asks:

Like many, Maskati does not believe there needs to be a reason for people to be arrested in restive Bahrain:

Jalal Al Jazeeri salutes Safy for his stance:

Mohammed Al Daaysi says:

And Salma can't find a reason why a blogger like Safy would be arrested:

In April, Safy announced the closure of his blog:

All good things come to an end.

Though my message might have not ended I think my points were delivered, I think it is time now to put a period, close this notebook and start a new one.

He has also stopped tweeting since then. Thousands of people have been arrested since protests calling for political and economic reforms started in Bahrain on February 14, 2011. The witch hunt continues.

by Global Voices at July 31, 2013 04:03 PM

Global Voices
Abre Latam, an Open Conference for an Open Region

[All links lead to Spanish language websites unless otherwise noted]

Gather civil service activists, entrepreneurs, researchers, communicators, (unofficial) governmental representatives, and of course, hackers or developers of different ages and backgrounds for a few days. Give them a theme to discuss and let them organise themselves. The result will be a couple of days with great creativity, an outpouring of knowledge, passion for what is being done and a lot of camaraderie.

With that recipe, also known as an ‘unconference‘, Abre Latam, an event about Open Data and transparency in Latin American governments, took place in Montevideo, Uruguay, from June 24 to 25, with D.A.T.A. and Ciudadano Inteligente as the organisations that devised and successfully coordinated the event.

abrelatam

And although one might think that the topic is a bit dry, it's enough to have a look at the number (30) and variety of sessions held (from one about ‘Cultura de Datos Abiertos’ [Culture of Open Data] to ‘Tecnología de la accesibilidad’ [Technology of Accessibility], to others with wider themes like ‘Brecha digital’ [Digital divide] or very specific ones such as ‘Scraping') to realise that there wasn't actually enough time to continue bringing up topics, analysing them and generating solutions, alternatives and work plans. Which doesn't mean that the participants didn't feel satisfied with the meeting.

980211_508130115909359_1830524861_o

Photo from the Facebook page ABRE LATAM

For example, Fernando Briano of Picando Código finds it very pleasant to meet people in the same field as him and discusses how Abre Latam turned out to be a new experience for him:

El formato es genial, y espero hayan más eventos inspirados en él por estos lados. La idea es hacer una ‘conferencia', pero completamente horizontal. Acá no hay ‘oradores’ y ‘público’ – sin escenarios – en la desconferencia todos somos participantes. Opiné, facilité alguna charla y pude presentar mi proyecto MNAV API en una lightning talk.

The format is brilliant and I hope that there are more events inspired by it in these parts. The idea is to have a ‘conference', but completely horizontal. Here there are no ‘speakers’ or ‘public’ – without stages – in the deconference we are all participants. I thought that it facilitated conversation and I was able to present my project, MNAV API, in a lightning talk.

Salvadorian Iris Palma, apart from hoping for a second edition of Abre Latam, sums up the spirit of the event very well in this post:

Lejos de ser una reunión para enseñar, creo que todos fuimos a aprender; no hubo nadie que no indicara un aprendizaje nuevo, una iniciativa aún desconocida o mejor aún una idea o contacto con el que trabajar al regreso de nuestros países. Me dio gusto ver gente de Centroamérica (considerando que yo era la única salvadoreña en la Des-Conferencia); de Guatemala, Congreso Transparente y de Costa Rica, de Grupo Inco. Interesante fue conocer en vivo y a todo color a personas de quienes había leído algunos artículos y/o blogs, y confirmar que es gente que sabe lo que hace, pero más aún ama lo que hace. Nos sentamos en el suelo, hicimos chistes, discutimos puntos de vista, nos contradecimos, nos volvimos a reconciliar y al final conclusiones y expresiones de interés para actuar en conjunto fueron el resultado de estos dos intensos días de actividad.

Far from being a meeting to teach, I think that we all went to learn; there was no one who didn't indicate having learnt something new, a still unknown initiative, or better still, an idea or contact to work with on returning to our countries. I enjoyed seeing people from Central America (considering that I was the only Salvadorian in the deconference); from Guatemala, Congreso Transparente and from Costa Rica, from Grupo Inco. It was interesting to meet people in the flesh, whose articles and/or blogs I had read, and to confirm that they are people who know what they are doing, but love what they're doing even more. We sat down on the floor, we made jokes, we discussed points of view, we contradicted each other, we made up again and eventually conclusions and expressions of interest to take joint action were the result of these two intense days of activity.

Foto de la página de Facebook ABRE LATAM

Photo from the Facebook page ABRE LATAM

The Argentinian organisation Asociación Civil por la Igualdad y la Justicia [Civil Association for Equality and Justice], ACIJ, deems ‘that it was a unique chance to promote bringing programmers and social organisations together’ and adds:

…se presentaron iniciativas producidas a partir del aprovechamiento de datos abiertos, entre ellas dos proyectos de ACIJ – uno sobre transparencia en los procesos de selección de jueces y otro, desarrollado con Wingu, sobre empoderamiento digital y participación ciudadana en villas – lo cual permitió conocer las opiniones y recomendaciones de especialistas en temas de uso de software libre para el procesamiento de datos.

…initiatives produced since the use of open data were present, among them two projects from ACIJ – one about openness in the processes for selecting judges and the other, developed with Wingu, about digital empowerment and citizen participation in urban slums (villas) – which allowed us to get to know the opinions and recommendations of specialists regarding issues with the use of free software for the processing of data.

For his part, Rodolfo Wilhelmy from the iniciative Codeando México was left ‘excited and inspired by the regional community', and concludes the following:

Es imperativo que transformemos estas buenas intenciones en valor para la sociedad, de lo contrario nunca se entenderá el beneficio de nuestra postura. La mejora de servicios públicos, por ejemplo, podría ser un área de oportunidad para validar el gasto de recursos en la apertura y mostrar al menos, beneficios tangibles a nuestros gobernantes. Se tiene que pensar más allá de la transparencia y la rendición de cuentas. Los datos abiertos tienen el potencial de rediseñar nuestras sociedades, y es tiempo de que comencemos a generar mayor valor para propiciar esta coapertura.

It's imperative that we transform these good intentions into value for society, otherwise the benefit of our stance will never be understood. The improvement of public services, for example, could be an area of opportunity to validate the spending of resources in openness and show tangible benefits to our rulers at the very least. One has to think beyond transparency and accountability. Open data has the potential to redesign our societies, and it's time that we start to generate greater value to bring about this co-opening.

Foto de la página de Facebook ABRE LATAM

Photo from the Facebook page ABRE LATAM.

As for more specific topics, Manuel Portela, in a post that summarises her points of interest in Abre Latam, tries to define the impact of the participatory initiatives and open data from the question: ‘What is a correct indicator to measure the participation and policies of open data?’ and highlights three factors that determine whether a participatory tool is more successful than others:

A que generan historias que realmente interpelan a las personas a través de la emoción, ideales, etc.
A que manejan correctamente y emprolijan la información, con lo cual se vuelve una herramienta útil para generar mapas de información.
A que generan confianza ya que se valen de otros medios que los validen, como los medios de comunicación u organizaciones del tercer sector.

Those that generate stories that really question people through emotion, ideals, etc.
Those that manage correctly and polish information, with which it becomes a useful tool to generate maps of information.
Those that generate trust, as they make use of other means that validate them, such as means of communication or third-sector organisations.

Gastón Roitberg of La Nación Data, a journalism data project of the Argentinian daily La Nación, published two articles in the project's blog, summarising the two days of Abre Latam. The first reveals some of the sessions held, like for example:

Cómo mejorar las habilidades en el uso de los datos. Desarrollar más capacidades en la ciudadania para entenderlos. Reducir la brecha entre máquinas y gente, y entre la publicacion de los datos y las apps finales. Por otro lado, se sugiere definir las audiencias: quiénes procesan y quiénes consumen. Se requieren más sectores involucrados: gobiernos publicando datos de calidad y programadores desarrollando apps útiles.

How to improve skills in the use of data. Develop a greater capacity in citizens to understand them. Reduce the gap between machines and people, and between the publication of data and the final apps. On the other hand, it is suggested that the audiences are defined: those who process and those who consume. More committed sectors are required: governments publishing quality data and programmers developing useful apps.

In the second article, Roitberg briefly reviews fifteen open data projects presented on the second day of Abre Latam, like these two:

Lima IO, la ciudad que habla: Desarrollaron un hardware y una plataforma en Internet que contiene información ambiental capturada a través de unos sensores especiales. Antonio Cucho, uno de sus responsables, dice que lo armaron para que el gobierno pueda tomar decisiones más precisas.

La politica del Open Data. Ciudadano Inteligente.org: Felipe Heusser, uno de sus responsables, invitó a reflexionar sobre lo que hay de política en el movimiento de datos abiertos. Para el activista ‘la agenda de los datos abiertos no es neutral, dado que como afirma el sociólogo español Manuel Castells la información es poder'. Juan José Soto, de la misma organización explica en video los alcances del proyecto.

Lima IO, the city that talks: They developed hardware and an online platform that contains environmental information captured across special sensors información. Antonio Cucho, one of the people in charge, says that they assembled it so that the government could take more accurate decisions.

The Open Data policy. Ciudadano Inteligente.org: Felipe Heusser, one of the people responsible, called for us to reflect upon what stands for policy in the movement of open data. For the activist ‘the open data agenda is not neutral, given that, as Spanish sociologist Manuel Castells states, information is power'. Juan José Soto, from the same organisation, explains the scope of the project in a video.

Foto de la página de Facebook ABRE LATAM

Photo from the Facebook page ABRE LATAM

Abre Latam also provided a stage for the Open Knowledge Foundation to launch the Spanish-language version of School of Data [en], or Escuela de Datos. Through different courses and other tools, this project aims to ‘empower civil organisations, journalists and citizens in such a way that they are capable of using data effectively and efficiently.’ In their blog they write:

Con el apoyo de Michael Bauer y Zara Rahman del equipo de School Of Data quienes días antes estuvieron haciendo una serie de talleres en Bolivia, Chile y Argentina hicimos la presentación del proyecto, el proposito; invitar a más personas a que se sumen y participen compartiendo su experiencias o su conocimiento en el uso de datos de toda la región.
With the support of Michael Bauer and Zara Rahman from the School Of Data [en] team, who were making a series of workshops in Bolivia, Chile y Argentina days before, we presented the project, the purpose; inviting more people to join in and participate while sharing their experiences or knowledge in the use of data throughout the region.

To read more about Abre Latam you can also view a post on SocialTIC, which covers the initiatives that most caught their attention, the special from the magazine Espacios Políticos about Open Data, or the article from la diaria in Uruguay.

Original post published in Juan Arellano's blog Globalizado.

by Javad Sikder at July 31, 2013 02:05 PM

INTERVIEW: How TEDx Talks Are Putting São Tomé On the Map

[Editor's note: The author of this interview is also a team member of TEDxSão Tomé]

TEDx, the local, self-organized version of TED talks, has already passed through Portuguese-speaking countries such as Portugal, Angola and Brazil. Last month, the talks arrived in São Tomé, an island of São Tomé and Principe, in Africa. With 18-minute long presentations that are published on the Internet, TEDx brings together creative people to “share ideas worth spreading”.

Global Voices recently caught up with TEDxSão Tomé curator Katya Aragão about the team behind the talks, the impact of the talks on the small country, and more.

Global Voices Online (GVO): How did you get the idea to take TEDx to São Tomé?

Katya Aragão (KA): It was more than an idea, bringing TEDx to São Tomé and Principe was a necessity, given the country is still such a well-kept secret. On one hand, we are a destination for luxury tourism and we are protected from tourism for the masses. But on the other hand, being an “unknown” to the outside world, is yet another barrier in the development of São Tomé and Principe, that more than just being a small market, suffers from isolation.

Having in mind that the general aim of the NGO Galo Cantá, which is organising TEDxSãoTomé, is the promotion of São Tomé and Principe, we thought the best way was to put the country on the map of a brand and a global event.

GVO: What rationale lies behind the theme “Connected: São Tomé and Principe = Africa Connected to the World”?

KA:  From the moment we are living in the country: opening of the telecommunications market, a local revolution in IT with the arrival of the fiberoptic cable and 3G internet. We decided to bet on the connection between the two islands that make up the Archipelago, São Tomé and Principe, and the connection between the country and the African continent, as well as the connection of Santomeans to the world.

So we called our theme “Islands Connected: São Tomé and Principe = Africa connected to the World!” and our slogan “Connect to the World”!

Katya Aragão/TEDxSão Tomé/Published with permission

Katya Aragão/TEDxSão Tomé/Published with permission

GVO: What is the central focus of TEDxSãoTomé and how has it been interpreted by the people of São Tomé? 

KA: The central focus is projects and ideas with local impact. TEDxSãoTomé was baptized with the name of the capital of the country which hosts it – São Tomé – symbolizing the centrality, the sense of broad sharing and necessity to “think globally and act locally”, keeping in mind the concept of amplitude which connects the islands. So, the focus is intrinsically linked to the theme chosen for this year: Islands Connected.

The NGO Galo Cantá intends for TEDxSãoTomé to be a platform to disseminate ideas and projects with a local impact, contributing to their visibility, acting still as a bridge between entrepreneurs and doers. That is, the meeting of those with good ideas and of those with the means to put them in practice.

To the people of São Tomé TEDx is still a new concept and an unknown, but São Tomeans understand that it has something to do with innovation, it's the word most used in reference to TEDxSãoTomé. There is still a great deal of awareness raising for people to really realize the dimensions of the events. We have worked on this, but given it is an annual event, we hope to gradually reach all minds in São Tomé and Principe.

GVO: We note that the team is made up of 13 people. How has communication unfolded between them to make this common objective happen? 

KA: We're actually 12 people, and the communication has been incredible. I consider myself lucky to being working with people who never give up. We are united by something, that is unfortunately almost extinct among young people: hope! We believe in ourselves, we believe in the power of young people and we believe in São Tomé and Principe.

GVO: We note that beyond speakers from São Tomé and Principe, there are speakers from different parts of the world, from Mark Shuttleworth from South Africa to Bob Drewes of the US. What is the common thread between the speakers you've invited? 

KA: The common thread is São Tomé and Príncipe. Mark Shuttleworth as well as Bob Drewes have a great love of the country. Mark is one of the greatest investors in the country, with a special interest in Principe Island. Bob has been coming to do brilliant work in the two islands on biodiversity. He's been coming here for almost 13 years.

GVO: What impact to you think an event of this profile can have in São Tomean society, in the short and the long term?

KA: Given that our stage will feature young entrepreneurs, in the short term networking between those invited and speakers, and between those in attendance. Partnerships for interesting development projects, people who just needed to hear an interesting story to discover their own potential, etc. In the long term, the impact will be even greater, as the window is open for great ideas and concepts will continue to spread through various platforms, so they can be discussed and become important to people. And of course, another impact in the long term will be an increase in the number of visits (both by investors and tourists) to São Tomé and Principe and even an increased demand for information on the country.

The videos of the talks will soon be available online in the website and Facebook page of TEDx São Tomé.

by Janet Gunter at July 31, 2013 10:53 AM

#FreeSafy – Bahrain Arrests Blogger in Dawn Raid

Bahraini blogger Mohammed Hassan was arrested from his home in an early morning raid today [July 31]. According to reports, police raided his Sitra home and arrested him, confiscating his telephone and computer in the process. Reports also claim they had an arrest warrant.

The arrest of Mohammed, known as Safy, and who is a Global Voices Online author who has covered Bahrain, drew criticism from netizens. UAE commentator Sultan Al Qassemi tweets:

In a follow up comment, he says the arrest of bloggers was a sign of the times in the region:

And activist Alaa Al Shehabi replies:

This sentiment of an impending crackdown on netizens is a recurring theme this morning. Mohammed Al Maskati, who was previously arrested at the beginning of protests in Bahrain in March 2011, asks:

Like many, Maskati does not believe there needs to be a reason for people to be arrested in restive Bahrain:

Jalal Al Jazeeri salutes Safy for his stance:

Mohammed Al Daaysi says:

And Salma can't find a reason why a blogger like Safy would be arrested:

In April, Safy announced the closure of his blog:

All good things come to an end.

Though my message might have not ended I think my points were delivered, I think it is time now to put a period, close this notebook and start a new one

He has also stopped tweeting since then.

Thousands of people have been arrested since protests calling for political and economic reforms started in Bahrain on February 14, 2011. The witch hunt continues.

by Amira Al Hussaini at July 31, 2013 10:37 AM

Brazil's Vinegar Revolt Renews Police Demilitarization Debate

This post is part of our special coverage Vinegar Revolt

[All links lead to Portuguese-language pages unless otherwise noted.]

The merits of having a militarized police force is under scrutiny in Brazil in response to accusations of blatant police violence against journalists and civilians during protests last month's massive protests throughout the country.

The debate on the demilitarization of the military police in the country is not new. Part of the legacy of Brazil's dictatorship from 1964 to 1985, the military police emerged as a solution through the extinction of the Public Force and Civil Guard. After the 1964 coup, the new government abandoned the idea of creating a single, civilian police and implemented a military model.

Today, almost all urban policing in Brazil is done by military police attached to the governments of each state, and the country remains the only one in the world to have a police force that operates out of the military barracks.

Photo by Calé Merege on Facebook (used with permission).

Photo by Calé Merege on Facebook (used with permission).

The recent protests have resurrected the question for debate. On July 1, 2013, during public class organized in the hall of Museum of Art of São Paulo (MASP) by the group Occupy Sampa, guest lecturer Tulio Vianna, a professor of Criminal Law at the Federal University of Minas Gerais (UFMG), argued that the design of military training is what triggers excessively violent actions by police. For Vianna:

A polícia não pode ser concebida para aniquilar o inimigo. O cidadão que está andando na rua, que está se manifestando, ou mesmo o cidadão que eventualmente está cometendo um crime, não é um inimigo. É um cidadão que tem direitos e esses direitos tem de ser respeitados.

The police can not be designed to annihilate the enemy. The citizen who is walking down the street, who is protesting, or even a citizen who is possibly committing a crime, is not an enemy. He is a citizen who has rights and these rights must be respected.

Comparing the Brazilian case with other police forces of the world, the professor also noted:

Quando a sociedade opta por uma polícia militar, o que essa sociedade quer é uma polícia que cumpra ordens sem refletir. É claro que quando se dá um treinamento onde o próprio policial é violentado, como vou exigir que esse indivíduo não violente os direitos de um suspeito?

When a society opts for a military police, what this society wants is a police force that fulfills orders without thinking. Of course, when you give training in which the police officer himself is violated, how am I going to require that this individual not violate the rights of a suspect?
A line in the protest at Paulista Avenue on June 10 remembers the Carandiru massacre in São Paulo, and Candelaria in Rio de Janeiro. Both incidents were orchestrated by command of the military police of each state. Phot: Caio Castor/Faceboo.

A line in the protest at Paulista Avenue on June 10 commemorates the Carandiru massacre in São Paulo, and Candelaria in Rio de Janeiro. Both incidents were orchestrated by command of the military police of each state. Photo: Caio Castor via Facebook (used with permission).

A history of violence

The “Revolt of the Ratchet,” which took place in Santa Catarina in 2005, was the first major demonstration linked to the issue of public transport in the country to have an impact. The episode also ended with reports of protesters injured and arrested in the midst of a peaceful protest, as shown in this video posted by Vinicius (Moscão):

Though homicides and violent acts committed by military police agents in the suburbs, “where the bullets are not rubber“, do not draw media attention every day, they show some of the problems of police militarization reported by Brazil Global Justice organization in a June 24, 2013 note.

Among the episodes of military police violence reported by Global Voices are the repossession of the rectory of the University of São Paulo in 2011, after students protested against the increase in the actual effect of military police on campus; vacating the Pinheirinho settlement [en] in the city of São José dos Campos in São Paulo, with more than 6,000 people displaced from their homes; and clashes with demonstrators protesting against the privatization of public space [en] due to World Cup preparation in Porto Alegre.

Against the system

While revealing the violent face of the military police, the recent protests also showed that within the military police there are soldiers who disagree with the system.

During the first days of protest in São Paulo in June 2013, a soldier replaced the pepper spray he had with water, disagreeing with orders to attack the demonstrators. Using social networks to justify his action in a post with more than 3,000 shares, deleted shortly after, Ronaldo Silva said:

O spray de pimenta é uma agressão violenta utilizada sem necessidade na maioria das situações e a corporação não pode fechar os olhos para isso. Além do mais, os protestos são pacíficos e totalmente legítimos

Pepper spray is a violent assault used needlessly for most situations and the company can not close our eyes to it. Moreover, the protests are peaceful and totally legitimate

Internationally, groups such as Amnesty International, the UN Human Rights Council and the US Department of State have spoken out, requesting that Brazil ends the death squads where police officers are believed to be involved – “engaged in social cleansing, extortion, as well as in trafficking in arms and drugs”, as Amnesty International reported in 2012 [en] - and go forward with the process of complete police demilitarization.

The importance of the cause has also grown within Brazil's police companies. Among the 40 approved guidelines within the First National Conference on Public Security [pdf], held in Brasilia in 2009, two pointed to the need for demilitarization. In a survey released by the National Secretariat of Public Security, of the 64,000 security officers interviewed, 40,000 supported the cause. Among the military officers, membership was even higher at 77 percent.

Photo of protestors carrying the flag of the PEC 102 in Maranhão (July 3, 2013)

Photo of protesters carrying the flag of the PEC 102 in Maranhão on July 3, 2013. Photo: Blog do Caxorrao via Facebook

#PEC102

The country's senate is considering a constitutional amendment that would authorizes states to demilitarize and unify their military police. By senator Blairo Maggi, the PEC 102 was one of the issues under debate on the strikes by military police and firefighters across the country in early 2012. The proposal would give police strike and union rights, which are now banned by the constitution, since they are subject to military code of conduct and discipline.

On Twitter, users defended the proposal under the hashtag # PEC102. @willcjc wrote:

@willcjc: Demilitarize and unify police forces is to hit at repressive structures of an entity trained by the dictatorship. Yes to PEC102!

The proposal, however, is not supported unanimously. For the National Association of Prosecutors of the Republic [PDF] it is “unconstitutional”. Contesting in a statement the creation of the National Security Council, included in the PEC, the association says:

(..) a Polícia não tem autonomia funcional, não se amoldando, portanto, à forma de controle por meio de Conselho. Supor a criação de uma polícia independente atenta contra o princípio da separação de poderes.

(..) The police does not have functional autonomy, thus it does not adjust to a form of control made by a Council. Assuming the creation of an independent police violates the principle of separation of powers.

Anyway, the debate has already started. As Antônio Carlos stated, executive director of the Group for the Defense of Human Rights Rio de Paz, told the Jornal do Brasil:

Estamos vivendo um momento histórico e é hora de aproveitá-lo para lutar. O país precisa dessa mudança, mas, devido a um espírito corporativista, não há avanços significativos.

We are living a historic moment and it's time to take advantage of it to fight. The country needs this change, but due to a corporatist spirit, there isn't significant progress.

by Negarra Akili at July 31, 2013 09:00 AM

Lawrence Lessig
"It happens, sometimes, that things are too much. Stacks overflow. Trusses break. I get that…."

It happens, sometimes,
that things are too much.

Stacks overflow.
Trusses break.

I get that.

What I don’t get is:
how one barrels through.
Where does that strength come from?
How is it fed?

And if it doesn’t appear on command,
how does one hold on, waiting?

Everything is collapsing.
By definition, that means:
nothing remains to be held.

Anon.

(Original post on Tumblr)

by Lessig at July 31, 2013 05:45 AM

July 30, 2013

Global Voices
Kuwaiti Emir Pardons Jailed Tweeters

Kuwait's ruler issued a pardon today [July 30] for those who insulted him – many of whom were sentenced for attacking him online. Netizens comment on Sheikh Sabah Al Ahmed Al Sabah's gesture.

On Twitter, many welcomed the move while others were skeptical and argued those convicted and imprisoned, one up to 11 years, were exercising their freedom of speech. Under Kuwaiti law, lese majeste is prohibited as the Emir's stance “cannot be violated.”

Majid Jaber Al Enzi welcomed the move, saying [ar]:

I believe that after the Emir's pardon, everyone should forget a lot of the past and turn a fresh leaf, which should be calm through advice and dialogue

Tariq Al Kindari adds:

After the Emir's pardon of the imprisoned youth, I hope a political initiative for national reconciliation, political reform and the return of what was follows

And Dr Hussain bin Hadba tweets:

I hope today's pardon puts an end to the culture of insulting the rulers for no reason and we avoid settling scores through insults and bad mouthing

In return, Musaed Al Musaylem tweets:

They have not committed anything wrong to be pardoned

Khaled Al Barrak adds:

The youth have not committed anything wrong for them to be pardoned or for them to apologise. If there is anyone who should apologise, then it is the authorities who have trespassed on the constitution

And Khaled Al Tawari responds:

There is an easy solution for those of you against the pardon. Do what they did and get jailed, and then refuse the pardon. Be courageous and hang on to your values and the 140-character courage!

Many of those pardoned [10 according to reports] were jailed because of tweets in which they reportedly insulted the Emir. Last month, a female Kuwaiti teacher was sentenced to 11 years in prison for insulting the Emir on Twitter, among other charges. It is not clear if the teacher was among those pardoned.

According to Human Rights Watch, at least 35 prosecutions have been made in Kuwait against citizens, including online activists, for insulting the Emir since October 2012.

by Amira Al Hussaini at July 30, 2013 10:38 PM

Joi Ito
The Creativity Compass
TheDiamond22.jpg

I think this framework first came up in a conversation with John Maeda. The original observation was that artist and scientists tend to work well together, and designers and engineers work well together, but that scientists and engineers don't work as well together, and likewise, neither do artists and designers. Engineers and designers tend to focus on utility and understand the world through observation and gathering the constraints of a problem to come up with a solution. Artists and scientists, on the other hand are inspired by nature or math, and they create through pure inner creativity and pursue expression that is more connected to things like truth or beauty than something so imperfect as mere utility. Which is to say, there are many more ways to divide the brain than into left and right hemispheres.

However, I think a lot of the most interesting and impactful creative works tend to require all the use of all four quadrants. Many of the faculty at the Media Lab work in the dead center of this grid--or as I like to call it, this compass--or perhaps they lean in one direction, but they're able to channel skills from all four quadrants. Neri Oxman, one of our faculty members who recently created The Silk Pavilion, told me that she is both an artists and a designer but switches between the modes as she works on an idea. And to look at The Silk Pavilion, it's clear she could easily qualify as either a scientist or engineer, too.

I think that there are a variety of practices and ways of thinking we can use to get to the center of this compass. The key is to pull these quadrants as close together as possible. An interdisciplinary group would have a scientist, an artist, a designer, and an engineer working with each other. But this only reinforces the distinctions between these disciplines. And it's much less effective than having people who use all four quadrants, as the project or problem requires.

The tyranny of traditional disciplines and functionally segregated organizations fail to produce the type of people who can work with this creativity compass, but I believe that in a world where the rate of change increases exponentially, where disruption has become a norm instead of an anomaly, the challenge will be to think this way if we want to effectively solve the problems we face today, much less tomorrow.

Update: A good book on this topic. Gold, Rich. The Plenitude: Creativity, Innovation, and Making Stuff. Cambridge, MA: MIT, 2007. Rich calls the quadrants the "four hats of creativity".

Originally posted on LinkedIn.

by Joi at July 30, 2013 08:34 PM

DML Central
Anonymity, Internet Surveillance & Lessons from the Anthony Weiner Case
Digital Activism, Government Surveillance and Anthony Weiner Blog Image

As a scholar of privacy and surveillance as well as political activism in repressive societies where government surveillance has consequences much worse than embarrassment and political derailment, my take away lesson from ex-congressman and current NYC mayoral hopeful Anthony Weiner’s second-time around exposure for online dalliances is this: there is no easy technical workaround out-of the current crisis of digital surveillance.

After NSA whistle-blower Edward Snowden’s allegations made it painfully clear that the world’s intelligence agencies, including our own NSA, were scooping up vast amounts of data with the help of tech giants like Microsoft, Google and Facebook, many people have pointed to alternatives that protect online anonymity and touted technical solutions. Encryption. Server-side limits to data storage. Anonymizers. Sure, I’m all for that.

But wait. Think for a minute. Why did Weiner get caught?

Same reason he got caught the first time. He was not looking for an anonymous online tryst. As anyone who’s been on the Internet for more than a week can testify, there are fifty million ways to do that. No need for fancier techniques or encryption or anonymizers or Tor–he could have just used a throw-away email account and chosen to use one of the many, many, many sites where strangers can engage in sexualized exchanges. He chose not to and that is not an accident–and this actually reveals far more than the pictures of his private body parts. It confirms a fundamental truth about both people and the Internet. Most people, most of the time, are not looking to be fully anonymous online. That’s true even for activists in some of the world’s scariest countries. And for good reason, too.

Weiner got caught the first time because he accidentally sent a private picture from his official Twitter account as a public message instead of a private “direct message.” Weiner got caught the second time because the woman he seduced by initially contacting her via his real name on Facebook gave the story up to a gossip site.

In both cases, the content of the exchanges makes it clear that the whole interaction–the sexualized banter, the sexting, etc.–rests on the fact that it is Anthony Weiner, the politician, exchanging messages with a young female political admirer.

That has a lesson about how we want to reflect ourselves online: often, anonymous is not what we are seeking, and for good reason. Even in repressive societies, most political activists are not trying to remain fully anonymous—sure, they are trying to avoid government snooping into their emails and private messages, but they don’t want to do their politics anonymously. Politics works, in most cases, to the degree it is public and many of our social interactions rest on the fact we are…ourselves, not a throwaway nickname on the Internet.

Activists from Russia have told me that they increasingly demand that anyone wanting to join an online political forum with them *not* be anonymous. For them, this is a safeguard against infiltration as well as a way to judge people’s political stances. I believe the lack of political activists who could dare to post non-anonymously in Syria contributed to the failure of viable political actors to emerge early on (Yes, we all understand that the problems in Syria are much more complex and start with a murderous dictatorship—but that’s the point. A civic space which lacks actors who can dare to be named creates the conditions for chaos, infiltration, spam, suspicion and misinformation, as people cannot establish the identities of political actors whom they can trust).

This is not an argument against tools for anonymity—I’m all for such tools. I’m very much against platforms forcing people into using the name on their driver’s license. There are many important spaces and political and civic uses for being able to decouple your legal or everyday name from your online postings in a particular platform. And in many repressive societies, some anonymous bloggers and micro-bloggers fill an important niche and play a significant political role. Also, mostly pseudonymous forums like Reddit, while not without problems, also provide very important social, civic and personal interaction, precisely because the participants are anonymous to each other.

I spent most of the last month interviewing participants in the Gezi park protests in Turkey. In the first few days of the Gezi protests, online platforms were drowning in both correct and crucial information censored from mainstream media, as well as disinformation and erroneous claims. The heavy censorship in the corrupt and cowed mainstream media ecology made sorting out disinformation more difficult, as there were few reliable journalistic reports. This created real problems for those wanting to follow the developments online. Many people I interviewed recounted a process that went something like this:

“I first trusted most of the news I saw online because it turned out to be mostly true and it wasn’t on TV at all. However, as events escalated, there were more and more accounts and the information started being less reliable. Over time, I weeded out the information I trusted to either accounts of prominent real people (few journalistic outlets were doing a good job curating the news), or people I knew personally. I never trust anonymous accounts anymore.”

Let’s go back to Anthony Weiner’s adventures in sexting. His modus operandi is to approach women based on his political power–not as a random guy on the Internet looking for a random woman on the Internet with whom to exchange sexually charged messages. And the women who engage him are clearly engaging him because of who he is. His latest online paramour admired his health-care “rants” and their exchanges included discussions of setting her up with a blog on Politico.com about swing state politics. At some point, she says to him: “You’re such an amazing man. I still can’t believe someone like you would pay attention to someone like me.” Her online bread crumbs also indicate a political interest. She has a  top ten heroes list which is almost completely political with President Obama as number one and Anthony Weiner as number three. In other words, she wanted to interact with Anthony Weiner, not bluemountainguy9884. Weiner’s partner in sexting is best described as a “political groupie.” The interaction would not have worked for either of them if it were fully anonymous.

One key reason why so many people choose to interact non-anonymously online is that online and offline worlds are not separate—there is no such place as “cyberspace” that is either fully divorced from “real life” or attached to it with barely a thin thread. Next time a pundit says “IRL” to mean “in real life” rather than just clumsy short-hand for “offline,” you can be assured that they don’t have a good understanding of people or the Internet.

Online and offline are part of one world and our political, sexual and social selves reside in one person in a singular body. Yes, our identities are complex, and the Internet and the fact that we have multiple social roles–we are not “the same person” with everyone around us–complicates the picture. Many times, though, we are not looking to separate who we are in one sphere completely from another one (Again, that is different than acknowledging that in different social environments, we enact and carry different social roles).

Which brings me back to the massive surveillance enterprise that seems to be undertaken by the NSA and the British GSHQ—as well as, surely, many other governments. There have been many technical solutions proposed. Sure, it’s a good idea for companies to avoid storing all communications forever (which makes it easier for governments and corporations to retrieve it at a later time). However, since our messages travel over the Internet, they can be sniffed en route (which, Snowden’s allegations reveal, is a big part of what the NSA is doing besides PRISM). End-to-end encryption can be really useful in that regard and should be standard already–so that your email is encrypted while on the Internet. But that is not a 100% panacea either, as long as governments can secretly obtain the cooperation of private corporations in helping to decrypt private communications (as Microsoft does for Skype, Outlook and Hotmail, according to the allegations).

However, as long as people will mostly want to connect their online and offline identities, which they will, there is no clear technical way out of intrusive governmental or corporate surveillance through mere technical measures. On and off the Internet, we want to be ourselves in our multiple, complex ways, and not hide behind a revolving mask of throw-away identities. Given that reality of human nature, the only thing that will make a real dent in government surveillance is comprehensive legislation limiting what governments can collect and access, and how they do so.

Banner image credit: Poster Boy NYC http://www.flickr.com/photos/posterboynyc/6912948733/

by jbrazil at July 30, 2013 05:35 PM

Global Voices
Election of Members of Constitutional Court Sparks Protests in Peru

[All links are to Spanish-language pages unless otherwise noted.]

The election by Peru's Congress of various representatives to positions in certain state institutions provoked protests not just in the political arena and some organizations, but equally among many people on social networks and even a group of young people who took took the streets. 

The media and various analysts have been demanding that Congress appoint these public servants, given that the matter has been repeatedly delayed. In the case of the public Ombudsman, for example, its senior post has been provisionally occupied since March of 2011, a fact that weakens the institution. Nevertheless, it would seem that the long awaited appointment might in fact cause greater harm to public institutions as a whole.

To begin with, the suitability of candidates for the different offices has been strongly questioned. Pilar Freitas, the new Ombudswoman, has a few outstanding complaints against her and has been accused of favouring fujimoristas [followers of former president Alberto Fujimori's [en] ideology] in the exercise of her previous job as attorney. The candidates for the Constitutional Court are the target of similar questioning to varying degrees. Moreover, on Tuesday, July 16, the newspaper Perú1 published audio transcripts of negotiations that occurred prior to the vote and political postings that reflected partisan interests.

Foto compartida por Elard Paredes @elardrodrigo en Twitter

“National shame”. Photo shared by Elard Paredes @elardrodrigo on Twitter

In light of this, on the morning of July 17, a motion was presented before Congress that candidates not be voted into office as a block, but instead on an individual basis. However, the motion was rejected, which induced the legislators from the Frente Amplio-Acción Popular (AP-FA), Concertación Parlamentaria (CP) and Solidaridad Nacional (SN) to leave the chamber. Requests to suspend the vote were also refused. Once it was over, requests to reconsider the vote were similarly rejected.

As a result, six judges of the Constitutional Court (TC), three members of the Central Reserve Bank (BCR) and the Ombudswoman were appointed by a plenary session of the Congress of the Republic in an election process that has been called a “shameful pact“, since it is evidence of the alliance between representatives of Gana Perú (GP), Fuerza Popular (FP) and Perú Posible (PP) to ensure the nomination of people to high office who answer to partisan loyalties above and beyond the rightful exercise of their duties.

On Facebook, the educator León Trahtemberg reflected upon the political mediocrity and lack of any hope of improvement which, among other things, can be traced back to the poor ethical and civic conscience imparted by the country's educational institutions.

El Gobierno y los congresistas sabían que se armaría lío con la repartija de los miembros del TC [Tribunal Constitucional], BCR [Banco Central de Reserva] y DP [Defensoría del Pueblo]. ¿Por qué insistieron? Quizá saben que la grita dura una semana y luego no pasa nada. Ya pasó y pasa a cada rato [...] Cuando los gobernantes y políticos no revisan decisiones por propia voluntad, ni por los escándalos que generan, es señal de enorme podredumbre y obliga a preguntar ¿cómo se logra gestar una nueva generación de políticos, que no sean imagen y semejanza de sus predecesores de quienes aprenden y quienes les abren las puertas para sumarse a los movimientos políticos ya existentes que ellos lideran?

The Government and members of Congress knew that there would be a fight over the distribution of appointees to the TC [Constitutional Court], the BCR [Central Reserve Bank] and the DP [Ombudsman]. Why did they insist? Maybe they know that the outcry lasts a week and then nothing happens. It has occurred before and does so every once in a while [...] When those in power and politics do not review decisions of their own volition, nor for the scandals they generate, it is a sign of endemic rot and prompts the question of how we are going to manage a new generation of politicians without them being the spitting image of their predecessors, from whom they learned and who paved the way for them to join the ranks of the very political movements they spearhead?

Also on Facebook, Mar Mounier referred to past elections and the traditional uninformed vote when she described the following:

“Mi voto no es un cheque en blanco” decían los “dignos”. Vayan y miren los ceros que se escribieron hoy en esos votos. Avergüénzate ¡oh reserva moral del país! que sin escuchar las miles de denuncias en contra de esta inmundicia durante campañas electorales, igual, los elegiste. Pobre mi país.

“My vote is not a blank cheque” said the “worthy ones.” Go and see the zeros that were written today in those votes. Shame on you. Oh the moral reserve of the country! that without listening to the thousands of condemnations of this filth during the electoral campaign, all the same, you elected them. My poor country.

Social networks began filling up with comments and messages calling for protests. The central Plaza San Martín became a meeting point, at five in the afternoon of 17 July, from which to walk to the Congress. However, the people who met there encountered a strong police presence, which did not hesitate to use force and tear gas to prevent access in the vicinity of the Congress and other restricted areas so that no demonstrations could be held in the Centre of Lima.

On Twitter, the labels #EstecongresoNOmerepresenta and #TodosAlCongreso became local trending topics with messages of support for the protest and encouraging people to go out and demonstrate, but also criticism of those who voted for the current authorities and legislators. For example, user José Andrés Pohl (@josepohls) tweeted:

#EsteCongresoNoMeRepresenta (Congress does not represent me), so…Who does it represent? Were they not democratically elected? Let's see if now you'll read before voting.

Meanwhile user @elcomerrio speculated about the political landscape and possible presidential actions:

It seems that it was part of a plan for citizens to request the closure of Congress and for Cosito [President Humala] to perform a self-serving coup.

And the congressman from the Fuerza Popular benches (fujimorista) Carlos Tubino  (@TubinoCarlos) defended the congressional election:

There is political conscensus, Congress Represents the Political Forces of the Country, in today's vote Prior Agreements were respected, Minorities DO NOT Give Orders

On Thursday, July 18, President Ollanta Humala declared that the new Ombudswoman, Pilar Freitas, and the new Constitutional Court judge, Rolando Sousa, should “step aside”—that is, renounce their new positions due to lingering questions and for not having met the expectations of the people. As of writing this post, there has not been a reply by either of those mentioned.

The social networks are talking about new calls for demonstrations in Lima's Plaza San Martín: a sit-in for the 22nd and a march on July 27. Moreover protests were being organized in Trujillo and in Arequipa.

Post originally published on the blog Globalizado by Juan Arellano.

by Victoria Robertson at July 30, 2013 05:28 PM

Lawrence Lessig
On the emptiness in the concept of "neutrality"

One of the most frustrating aspects of this report is the role of “neutrality” — especially in light of the criticism MIT makes of the prosecutors reported in the post below.

“Neutrality” is one of those empty words that somehow has achieved sacred and context-free acceptance — like “transparency,” but don’t get me started on that again. But there are obviously plenty of contexts in which to be “neutral” is simply to be wrong. 

For example, this context: The point the report makes in criticizing the prosecutors is that they were at a minimum negligent in not recognizing that under MIT’s open access policies, Aaron’s access was likely not “unauthorized.” As the report states (at 139): 

As far as the Review Panel could determine, MIT was never asked by either the prosecution or the defense whether Aaron Swartz’s access to the MIT network was authorized or unauthorized—nor did MIT ask this of itself. Given that (1) MIT was the alleged victim of counts 9 and 12, (2) the MIT access policy, its Rules of Use, and its own interpretation of those Rules of Use (including the significance or “materiality” of any violation of those terms) were at the heart of the government’s CFAA allegations in counts in both indictments, and (3) this policy and these rules were written, interpreted, and applied by MIT for MIT’s own mission and goals—not those of the Government— the Review Panel wonders why. (p139)

But that criticism goes both ways — if indeed MIT recognized this, and didn’t explicitly say either privately or publicly that Aaron was likely not guilty of the crime charged, then that failure to speak can’t be defended by the concept of “neutrality.” 

Indeed, the criticism of MIT could be stronger: At most, the prosecutor was negligent. But MIT was more than negligent: The issue was explicitly flagged for it, by a senior member of the MIT administration. As the report indicates, Joi Ito, in the summer of 2011, explicitly raised the point: 

One particularly pertinent moment was in June 2011 when the Media Lab Director [Joi Ito] informed the administration that Aaron Swartz was charged with “unauthorized access” and suggested that MIT would be in a position to cast doubt on this charge if so desired (see section III.B.1). …

A charge of “accessing [the MIT network] without authorization or in excess of authorized access” deeply involves MIT, since MIT provides the authorization and sets the rules of authorization. Thus MIT set rules that played a key role in determining what constituted a felony in the Aaron Swartz case. In the 1994 prosecution of David LaMacchia, MIT communicated to the USAO that, as a student, LaMacchia was authorized to accessthe computer as he had done. There was no reflection on the LaMacchia case during Swartz’s prosecution: institutional memory had been lost. Part V, Question 1, in considering the need for greater expertise at MIT relating to computer crime, also asks about ways to help preserve institutional memory.

MIT has justified intervening in the LaMacchia case and defended not intervening in the Swartz case on the basis that LaMacchia was a student and Aaron was not.

But that defense is absurd: If MIT knows that a human is being prosecuted on the basis of a false interpretation of MIT’s rules, what possible difference does it make whether that human is a student or not? If a MIT official sees someone bleeding on the Mass Ave, do they decide whether to call 911 only after checking for a student card? MIT knew something here that at a minimum could have cut short a prosecution, and which, it turns out, could also have saved someone’s life.

“Neutrality” does not justify failing to pick up the phone, and telling the prosecutor, “hey, in fact, his access was authorized.” Maybe it wouldn’t have mattered. Maybe the prosecutor would have stayed the course. But then that would have been (yet another) failure of the prosecution, not MIT’s.

(Original post on Tumblr)

by Lessig at July 30, 2013 05:23 PM

MIT Center for Civic Media
Introducing the Participatory Aid Marketplace

A summary of my Media Lab Master's thesis, cross-posted from my personal site, because, well, there are a lot more people over here.

Unlike my thesis readers, who may or may not have made it through all 244 pages, you get to experience the condensed version. The full PDF is here, if you're into reading and citations.

Participatory Aid

People are using information and communication technologies (like the internet) to help each other in times of crisis (natural or man-made). This trend is the evolution of a concept known as "mutual aid", introduced by Russian polymath Peter Kropotkin in 1902 in his argument that our natural sociable inclinations towards cooperation and mutual support are underserved by capitalism's exclusive focus on the self-interested individual. My own reaction is to the bureaucracy's underserving of informal and public-led solutions.

The practice of mutual aid has been greatly accelerated and extended by the internet's global reach. I introduce the term "participatory aid" to describe the new reality where people all over the planet can participate in providing aid in various forms to their fellow humans. In many of these cases, that aid is mediated at least partially by technology, rather than exclusively by formal aid groups.

Formal aid groups like the UN and Red Cross are facing disintermediation not entirely unlike we've seen in the music, travel, and news industries. Members of the public are increasingly turning towards direct sources in crises rather than large, bureaucratic intermediaries. Information is increasingly likely to originate from people on the ground in those places rather than news companies, and there is a rich and growing number of ways to help, as well.

You are more than your bank account

The advent of broadcast media brought with it new responsibilities to empathize with people experiencing disaster all over the world. For most of the 20th century, the public was invited to demonstrate their sympathy via financial donations to formal aid organizations, who would, in turn, help those in need (think telethons). This broadcast model of aid works well for martialing large numbers of donors, IF a crisis is deemed significant enough to broadcast it to the audience. Many crises do not reach this threshold, and therefore do not receive the public or private relief support that often follows broadcast attention.

People are using the internet to help in creative ways in times of crisis. There are pros and cons to this development, to be celebrated and mitigated. Briefly, the pool of people who can help in some way is now orders of magnitude larger than it was previously, and the value of those peoples' contributions is no longer limited to the financial value of their bank accounts. People have consistently proven capable of creative solutions and able to respond to a wider range of human needs than formal needs assessment methodologies accommodate.

On the flip side, not every way to help online is as effective as providing additional funding to professional crisis responders. There is already a graveyard of hackathon projects that never truly helped anyone (especially those with no connection or feedback loop from anyone in the field). The expansion of the range of crisis responders can lead to fragmentation of resources and duplication of efforts, although anyone managing the thousands of traditional NGOs that descended upon Haiti following the earthquake there will tell you that the same problem exists offline. It is my hope that open data standards and improved coordination between projects can mitigate some of these issues.

case-library-categories

How to Help Using Tech

One of the more celebrated methods of recent years is the practice of crisismapping. Following a disaster, crowdsourced mapping platforms like Ushahidi are populated with geocoded data by globally distributed online volunteers like Volunteer Standby Taskforce. The teams collect, translate, verify, analyze, and plot data points to improve the situational awareness (the "what's going on where") of formal emergency managers and organizations.

Of course, participatory aid is not limited to producing crisis maps to benefit formal aid organizations, and I argue we shouldn't limit our understanding of the space to this one early example. Countless professions have shifted to support the digitization of labor, so many of our jobs can (and are) conducted online (pro bono networks like Taproot Foundation and Catchafire are important inspirations to consider). Over time, technology has continued to expand the range of actions an individual can accomplish from anywhere in the world.

A Case Library of New Ways to Help

To support this argument, I collected a case library of nearly one hundred ways members of the public can help communities in crisis (as well as the formal aid organizations working on behalf of these communities). I still need to convert the full case library from Word to HTML, but you can get a sense of it here.

I spent a lot of time thinking about the many ways people can help using technology, and abstracted from these many cases 9 general categories to organize the library. They are to your left.

Framework

From the many examples in the case library, I abstracted a framework to help define and think about participatory aid projects:

framework

Participatory aid can consist of projects that help existing formal aid groups (like a crisis map created at the request of such an institution) or projects that seek to help the affected population directly (like the Sandy Coworking Map, which listed donations of commercial real estate by and for the people of New York). This is a spectrum, because there are many projects which seek to help the affected population as well as the professionals mediating their aid.

Likewise, there is a spectrum between microwork, which often gets called 'crowdsourcing', and far less discrete tasks, like designing an entirely new software project or launching an entirely new public initiative like Occupy Sandy. In my research, I noticed that even some of those in the participatory aid space a limited view of its possibilities, and consider crowdsourced microwork at the behest of existing state actors (quadrant IV) to be the ideal application of technological innovation in crisis response. This is an exciting area, but there's equally great work being done elsewhere. We can create and execute much deeper, more complicated solutions than helping sort thousands of tweets to extract actionable information. (See Ethan Zuckerman's discussion of thick vs. thin engagement, which I borrow).

Participatory Aid Marketplace

Because I'm at the Media Lab, I was charged with building a piece of technology in addition to producing the written thesis. After conducting interviews with a wide range of leaders in the participatory aid space (and reading a crazy wide range of documents), it emerged that coordination of efforts was a major and unsolved need. Volunteers are interested in what they can do to help, and prefer to use their professional skills if volunteering (versus making a donation). Leaders of semi-formal volunteer organizations like those that make up the Digital Humanitarians Network seek common check-in forms to easily alert one another (and the world) to their deployments. The individuals within formal aid organizations (like UN-OCHA) who are working to better integrate participatory aid with formal aid also stand to benefit from improved coordination and aggregation of participatory aid projects.

So, with a team of MIT undergrads (Patrick Marx, Eann Tuann, and Yi-shiuan Tung), I co-designed and built a website to aggregate participatory aid projects. The goals of the site are:

  • to index active participatory aid projects by crisis to provide an overview of public response
  • to match skilled volunteers with projects seeking their help
  • to host the case library of previous examples of peer aid, tagged by the needs they addressed, in the hopes of inspiring future projects
  • to do all of this in as user-friendly, open, and distributable ways as possible (including early support for a couple of emerging aid data standards)

Participatory Aid Marketplace
A design mockup of the functional Drupal site

The site provides administrators of participatory aid projects with a simple form to list their project. This form populates the active project views as well as the case library, and links projects to common crisis needs and general buckets of volunteer skills. It can also automatically distribute the content to existing coordination fora like Google Groups or RSS readers.

Volunteers can participate in the site with full-fledged profiles, skills<->project matching, and specific LinkedIn skills importing. The more likely use case consists of short, anonymous visits to quickly identify meaningful ways to help in the crises people care about.

The skills selection and importing prototype

The skills selection and importing prototype

Future Work

There's a lot more in the full thesis, but essentially, we've worked with some of the most innovative groups in crisis response to build a functional prototype that would only require some design work and loving iterations to be of real utility. I'm looking into various ways to finish development and implement the site (not to mention identify a good organizational / network home). Get in touch with me if you'd like to talk about the platform, or this space in general.

THANKS

Thanks for reading this.

Also, while I've worked for years to use the web to organize people to create change in the world, my background isn't in humanitarian aid or crisis response. My ability to rapidly understand this space and consume massive amounts of information (written and social) was directly correlated with the kindness and enthusiasm of people like Willow Brugh, Luis Capelo, Natalie Chang, all of my interview subjects, all of the kind survey respondents, and of course my readers, Ethan Zuckerman, Joi Ito, and Patrick Meier. My colleagues, the staff and fellow grad students of the Center for Civic Media, shared their intellectual firepower at every turn.

by mstem at July 30, 2013 04:45 PM

Lawrence Lessig
The MIT Report on #aaronsw

The MIT report (PDF) on the Aaron Swartz case is out. I am going to take some time to study it and understand it more fully. I’m away with my family and won’t be commenting on the report now, beyond the following: 

The report says that MIT never told the prosecutor that Aaron’s access was “unauthorized.” They indicated that his machine was not supposed to be plugged into the ethernet jack it was plugged into, but there is no law against abusing an ethernet jack. The law regulates authorized access to a network. The whole predicate to the government’s case was that Aaron’s access to the network was “unauthorized,” yet apparently in the many many months during which the government was prosecuting, they were too busy to determine whether indeed, access to the network was “authorized.” 

Here’s the section from the report (§11b): 

The superseding indictment abandoned the theory of “exceeding authorized access,” and counts 9 and 12 (applicable to MIT) relied instead on “unauthorized access.” The allegations in the indictment focus on numerous means whereby Aaron Swartz obtained access to the computer through unauthorized means, such as repeatedly taking steps to change his computer’s apparent identities and to conceal his computer’s real identity. Clearly, these are means whereby Aaron Swartz obtained access to the computer in order to engage in unauthorized conduct, that is, to do something that MIT did not want him to do through its network: engage in massive downloading of JSTOR articles.

The question posed by this charge in the indictment is, however, different: it is whether— given MIT’s guest policy—Aaron Swartz accessed the MIT network without authorization. Put differently, it is whether Aaron Swartz was authorized to access the network, regardless of whether he used improper means to do so. To illustrate this distinction, the Review Panel has asked itself the following question: had Swartz, intending to engage in the conduct for which he was indicted, walked into an MIT library, shown his personal identification to the desk, and asked to log on to the MIT system as a guest—would he then have been given access? If the answer to this question is “yes,” then it seems possible that Aaron Swartz’s access to the MIT network was authorized, notwithstanding his inappropriate means of implementing access, or of then abusing such access (which may themselves have been violations of different criminal or civil prohibitions). 

The Cambridge Detective involved in the prosecution explained to the Review panel that he repeatedly asked, in various ways, whether the laptop was authorized to be in closet; whether the cable from the laptop to the network switch was authorized to be there; whether the manner of downloading the articles was authorized; and, overall, whether the method of accessing and using MIT’s network in this manner was authorized. He was told “no,” and told that MIT had tried to prevent the downloading by disconnecting the computer of the (then) unknown suspect. 

The Review Panel questioned five employees of MIT’s IS&T who were involved in the identification and monitoring of Aaron Swartz’s laptop found in the network closet of Building 16 and who provided information to the prosecution during its preparation of the criminal case. According to them, and also according to OGC and MIT’s outside counsel, at no time, either before or after the arrest of Aaron Swartz, did anyone from the prosecution inquire as to whether Aaron Swartz had authorized access to the MIT network. Given MIT’s open guest policy, it might be argued that Aaron Swartz accessed the MIT network with authorization. Put differently, there is apparently an issue as to whether Aaron Swartz was authorized to access the network, regardless of the considerations that (1) he might have used improper means to implement such access; and (2) once he was on the network, he might have used such access for an improper purpose. 

The relevance of this distinction can be seen in the Department of Justice’s computer crime manual, Prosecuting Computer Crime (2nd ed.), published by the Office of Legal Education, Executive Office for United States Attorneys: “A more difficult question is whether a person with some authorization to access a computer can ever act “without authorization” with respect to that computer. The case law on this issue is muddy, but, as discussed below, there is growing consensus that such “insiders” cannot act “without authorization” unless and until their authorization to access the computer is rescinded.”

As far as the Review Panel could determine, MIT was never asked by either the prosecution or the defense whether Aaron Swartz’s access to the MIT network was authorized or unauthorized—nor did MIT ask this of itself. Given that (1) MIT was the alleged victim of counts 9 and 12, (2) the MIT access policy, its Rules of Use, and its own interpretation of those Rules of Use (including the significance or “materiality” of any violation of those terms) were at the heart of the government’s CFAA allegations in counts in both indictments, and (3) this policy and these rules were written, interpreted, and applied by MIT for MIT’s own mission and goals—not those of the Government— the Review Panel wonders why. (p137-39)

If indeed Aaron’s access was not “unauthorized” — as Aaron’s team said from the start, and now MIT seems to acknowledge — then the tragedy of this prosecution has only increased. 

(Original post on Tumblr)

by Lessig at July 30, 2013 03:33 PM

Global Voices
Immigrants: Much More Than an Abstract Number (Part II)

This post is part of our series on Latin America: Migrant Journeys in collaboration with The North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA). Stay tuned for more articles and podcasts.

This is the second and final part of an interview with Mexican journalist Eileen Truax. You can read the first part here.

Mexican journalist and author of Huffington Post Voces Eileen Truax [es] recently released her book ‘Dreamers: The Fight of a Generation for its American Dream.’ Migrant Journeys talked to Truax, who spoke about the responsibility of the mainstream media and their coverage of immigration issues, among other topics.

Robert Valencia: Let’s talk about the role of media, especially the English-speaking media. We always hear about stories that concern Latinos but in the sections solely dedicated to Latinos, such as NBC Latino or FOX Latino. Do you think that the fact that mainstream media have exclusive platforms for Latinos may have a counterproductive effect since the point is to share the story of immigrants with those who are not connected to this issue or who are not close to the Latino community?

Eileen Truax: I share the same inquiry, however, this doesn’t mean these alternatives should disappear. It is important that these platforms address the topics of a community. The problem is that these platforms become the only place that talk about this community. Mainstream media still see immigrants (or what they call “ethnic” groups) as foreign bodies that invade this country. When you read Los Angeles Times or The New York Times or you watch TV, the discourse is still “them”, or “the Salvadoreans” or “the Asians”, but there is never an inclusive language or something like “we as an American society.” But we, immigrants and citizens alike, share the same problems. When the housing market crashes or there’s a change in the healthcare system, it affects us all. If our education system suffers another blow, your kids and mine are being affected. That is to say we have problems not just related to Latinos or Asians, but we have issues as an American society because we’re one country. Whoever thinks that just because a person is not named Gonzalez is not affected by what occurs in the Latino community has no common sense and is not familiarized with the reality of our country. The big problem is that mainstream media are in denial, that is, they haven’t accepted that diversity is a reality in this country.

RV: Undocumented immigrants also pay taxes that have amounted to $1 billion dollars, but these stories don’t make it to the national spotlight. What should we do as journalists or communicators to take these stories get to the general public and counterattack the “amnesty” rhetoric?

ET: What we need to do is to give [these stories] a human face all the time. I think that we should stop

Eileen Truax. Photo used with permission.

Eileen Truax. Photo by René Miranda, used with permission

chasing the news that stirs controversy. Unfortunately, the rhythm in which we see ourselves immersed in as a result of the surge of the Internet, despite being positive, has forced us to become “slaves of a click button.” There are three myths since the onset of Internet for those who are involved in journalism. First, that we have to be the first in delivering news before anybody else because then we lose. The second myth is that the more clicks we receive for our story then it becomes more important, and the third one is that people don’t read in full, so we have to give information piecemeal because people don’t like to read online. I believe these three myths are ruining in-depth journalism, which precisely has the function to make reality understandable to society. We are becoming people who just announce stories and we don’t take time to understand what’s happening. Case in point: “A truck crashed. A human trafficker was detained. Four were abducted. Two were killed.” This reads like an ad, but we don’t go in depth into these stories. We don’t know who the person who went to jail was or what happened to the immigrant who just arrived or the person who went to jail. We are not seeing stories in the long term; we just care about who publishes the story on the web first and how many clicks we receive. We even forget about our own mission and we have the moral obligation to tell stories we learn about. If you’re a reporter and have the privilege to discover stories first hand, we have the obligation to tell them and find the way to do so.

RV: Do you think it’s necessary to deploy more border security officers even if immigration to the United States has decreased considerably and thus this could represent an unnecessary expenditure to taxpayers?

ET: One thing is that the bill enacts a program that will allocate human and material resources to border security, and another is that a budget will be approved for this end. We had a similar experience in 2007 with the creation of a virtual wall on the border. Recession came and there were no funds to finance what the law approved. Now, budgets are approved each year, so just because the law says we can earmark millions and millions of dollars to the border doesn’t mean each year when budgets are approved the money will be there. I don’t believe this is the most important factor, the problem is that we’re losing the focus of what immigration reform is. The very same initiative is founded on its name; it starts by determining the element of security to later talk about immigration. Determining the well-being or the recognition of rights of more than 11 million people based on how the government can successfully protect the border is purposeless. Again, from my viewpoint, the failure of it all is that we are not understanding immigration reform as a human rights and social justice matter, but rather as an issue of state security and partisanship.

RV: Anything else you’d like to add that was not discussed in this interview?

ET: We must stop thinking about immigration as a partisan matter and a negotiating prize come Election Day. We must think of people and I believe that in order to achieve this end a fundamental tool is to have a close approach to the DREAMer story. I return to the beginning of this interview, because I still believe that the DREAMer generation is the most generous face of undocumented immigration and what this country can be. These youth seek to legalize their status and give back to this country. By definition, the DREAMers are people who want to continue their higher education studies and become doctors, lawyers, nurses, etc. They are young people who will become the labor force in this country, the ones who will be paying retirement for those who are now seating in Capitol Hill and the “baby boomers” who know they don’t have a generation below them that is wide enough to sustain their social security and retirement funds. We’re not talking about just doing a favor to a handful of youth; we’re talking about keeping this country buoyant if these are the youth that will become the working force while we’re retired. So the question is, where do we want them? Do we want them to work in the shadows at a restaurant or do we want them becoming successful professionals who spur economic growth and stability? Let’s answer these questions and then we’ll understand the need for an immigration reform.

by Robert Valencia at July 30, 2013 01:00 PM

Ugandans Take Digs at Kenya's Bestiality Trend on Twitter

A recent news report that claimed bestiality is increasing among Kenyans has unleashed a volley of mockery from neighboring Ugandans on Twitter.

IQ4News, an online journalism organisation that produces news and analysis on Africa, reported on 25 July, 2013, the story of the supposed emerging trend in Kenya. The report said:

First it was at the port city of Mombasa, famed for tourism, where eleven women, including two university students were found having sex with dogs. Then a famous businessman in Tigania was nabbed by police for raping a cow.

It did not end there. Hardly a day passes without a Kenyan man found in a steamy moment with an animal, with the latest being the Nyeri saga where a man has been charged in court for sleeping with a hen and Murang’a where four men were caught having sex with a donkey in turns on Wednesday.

The man in the hen saga was caught by his 10-year old son who alerted his brother, the owner of the hen, who later reported him to the police. Police said they are seeking the services of the veterinarians to establish the cause the hens’ death.

Following the reports, some Ugandans used the hashtag #KenyansAndAnimals to make fun of Kenyans. Other non-Ugandan tweeters have also joined the discussion.

Helen Hasyanut (@hasyanut) remarked:

Swittie Hanks (@SwittieHanks) noted:

He is not allowed (‏@HeIsNotAllowed) pointed out that:

Edgar (@EdgarKW) wrote:

Replying to Allan Ssenyonga's tweet (@ssojo81Andima), Jeff (@andsjeff), a Ugandan computer scientist, wrote:

A Ugandan architect student Marvin EL Smull (@smull_El) joked:

SonOfFate (@katsiotho) made a humorous reference to Noah's ark:

Chronicles of Uchiha (@arnold_cle) wrote:

Silver Eyakoowa (@silwaxxy) made a religious comment:

Kenyans replied with their tweets to the Ugandans:

Kenyan investigative journalist Dennis Okari (@DennisOkari)

Lely Netso (@LNetso) advised Ugandans:

Louse Wanjiru (@Loiseshish) tweeted:

Freelance journalist Maxon airo (@Maxonairo) said that Ugandans have finally learnt how to tweet:

*Thumbnail image released under Creative Commons (CC BY-SA 3.0) by Wikipedia user Jjron (John O'Neill).

by Kofi Yeboah at July 30, 2013 11:50 AM

Brazil: ‘Real Men Don't Beat Women’

It's a startling statistic: One in five Brazilian women are likely to suffer from domestic violence. That includes physical, psychological, and emotional abuse as well as marital rape. The aggressor is usually a boyfriend, husband, ex-partner, or male family member.

In light of the problem, an online campaign launched earlier this year is challenging “real men” to show their solidarity against domestic violence.

The World Bank with the participation of the Maria da Penha Fernandes Institute [pt] among other Brazilian women's right movements and societies launched a campaign [pt] in March 2013 called “Real men don't beat women” (Homem De Verdade Não Bate Em Mulher).

Brazilian athletes, actors, and society members joined the action on the World Bank Brasil's Facebook page to inspire Brazilians to speak out against domestic violence in Brazil. They joined on FacebookTwitter and Instagram posting self-pics holding a sign featuring the campaign slogan under the hashtag #souhomemdeverdade, which in Portuguese means “I‘m a real man“.

Real men don't beat women. Source: Banco Mundial Brasil on Facbook

“Real men don't beat women”. Source: Banco Mundial Brasil on Facebook

“Every four minutes a woman is killed by domestic violence in Brazil”, according to the figure presented in a state meeting of the public prosecutor's office in Rio Grande do Sul in March 2013:

Os números assustam. (…) Esta é a principal causa da morte de mulheres entre 16 a 44 anos. Desses crimes, 99% são causados por ciúme e possessividade; 77% dos conflitos ocorrem depois da separação.

The numbers are frightening. (…) This is the main cause of death for women between 16 and 44 years. Of these crimes, 99 percent are caused by jealousy and possessiveness; 77 percent of conflicts occur after a break-up.
"No woman looks good in purple". Domestic violence by pablobasile on Deviantart (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)

“No woman looks good in purple”. Domestic violence by pablobasile on Deviantart (CC BY-NC-ND 3.0)

The Map of Violence 2012 (Mapa da Violência de 2012) [pt, PDF] reports that 91,930 women were murdered in Brazil between 1980 and 2010. On average, there were 4.5 women killed for every 100,000 women, with Espírito Santo, Alagoas, and Paraná states having the highest rates.

A special edition of the report dedicated to feminicide in Brazil [pt, PDF], concludes that “68.8 percent of the murders of women take place in the domestic sphere” and in the 20 to 49 age group, “65 percent of the assaults are committed by the partner or ex”. The report also adds:

entre os 84 países do mundo que conseguimos dados a partir do sistema de estatísticas da OMS o Brasil, com sua taxa de 4,4 homicídios para cada 100 mil mulheres ocupa a 7ª colocação, como um dos países de elevados níveis de feminicídio

among the 84 countries from which we got data from the [World Health Organization's] statistics system, Brazil with its rate of 4.4 homicides for every 100,000 women, occupies the 7th place as one of the countries with higher levels of feminicide.

According to Wikigender:

Murders of women rates (each 100 thousands women) Brazil 1980-2010.

Rates of women murdered per every 100,000 women in Brazil from 1980-2010. Source: Map of Violence of 2012

domestic violence was not a part of the Brazil’s federal criminal code until 2006, when Law no. 11.340 of 7 August 2006, otherwise known as the Maria da Penha law [named after Maria da Penha Fernandes [pt], one of the lead figures in the movement for women's rights in Brazil, herself a victim of domestic violence], was adopted. Despite increased efforts made recently, not only on the legislative level, but also on the social and institutional levels, incidents of domestic violence are still high and under reported to the authorities, due to fear of retribution, further violence, and social stigma.

Sadly, these statistics are not on the decline. Calls for help to the Brazilian Women’s Assistance Center have in recent years increased by 16 times.

“Men who beat women aren't right in the head”

The World Bank, together with Brazil's National Congress and Camara TV, also promoted a Short Documentary Contest on the Maria da Penha Law, which awarded five short stories illustrating the lives of:

1st place: A group of women working against gender violence in Sao Paulo [video: Maria Maria]

2nd place: In a group of craftswomen Carmen found the strength to leave her abusive partner. [video: Divas - Female Voices]

3rd place: Lucilia, an indigenous woman, who repeatedly tried to file a report against her ex-partner, but the police never investigated [video: One Law for All]

4th place: Silvia, an activist for women’s rights, murdered by her son in law, who used to beat her daughter [video: Sílvia]

5th place: Veronica, Carmen, and Sara, who managed to free themselves from abusive husbands [video Life Stories Marked by Domestic Violence]

As human rights activist Natasha Baker wrote on her blog after finding out about the work and life of Maria da Penha, “One of the greatest benefits of networking is discovering other organizations, companies and movements that are bringing hope into this world”. For those who want to denounce a domestic violence or any gender-based violence in Brazil, dial 180:

Men who beat women aren't right in the head. Report it by calling 180

by Rami Alhames at July 30, 2013 10:36 AM

Is India Biting Off More Than It Can Chew with its New Food Security Bill?

India's new food security bill, which will heavily subsidise basic food for about two-thirds of the population, is sparking questions throughout the country over the wisdom of such an expensive ordinance.

The National Food Security Bill was introduced in the lower house Lok Sabha of the Indian parliament on December 22, 2011. Since then, an elaborate debate on its merits and implications have ensued. However, despite the considerable time spent on these discussions, the parliament failed to arrive at a consensus. At this juncture, on July 5, 2013 the incumbent UPA government bypassed the legislature and put the National Food Security Ordinance 2013 into effect.

The National Food Security Ordinance is a measure intended to benefit the Indian citizens in general. It hopes to do so by legally entitling roughly 67 percent of the Indian population to five kilograms of food grains per month at a highly subsidized rate. The price of rice, wheat and coarse grains has been prescribed to be three Indian rupees (0.051 US dollars), two rupees (0.03 US dollars) and one rupee (0.02 US dollars) per kilogram respectively.

A customer in Mumbai, India inspects food grains before making his purchase

A customer in Mumbai, India inspects food grains before making his purchase. Image by Prasad Kholkute (CC-BY-SA 2.0)

The ordinance is now in effect. Yet, a significant number of citizens as well as their representatives in parliament have their own doubts about it. Apart from the opposition decrying the government's step of taking the ordinance route to the Food Bill, various questions and concerns are being voiced about the ordinance's practicality, cost, and long term sustainability.

In an interview to Diva Arora of Infochange India, renowned political and social activist Aruna Roy, who has also been a member of the prime minister's National Advisory Council, clearly emphasized the need for having a national food security act. She explained the reasons for its necessity and also its viability:

“…being a welfare state, the Indian government has in the past, and should continue to play in the future, a definitive role in treating its citizens as legitimate entitlement holders, and not as passive beneficiaries. The government's vision for the poor should be seen in congruence with ensuring their access to provisions imperative for a dignified life, and not through the prism of doles.

This must be true especially in times of prosperity, so that safety nets can be ensured for all, for posterity. The rationale behind this legislation is to the right of a life with dignity and to remove hunger.

Apart from the humanitarian aspect, there are many benefits in investing in the nutrition of the population which may not always be able to be captured in quantitative terms. The economic climate is ripe for such programmes given our growing GDP, growth in public revenue, increase in procurement, growing (and wasted) food stocks and significant improvements in PDS in many states.”

In the same interview, she does, however, go on to point out a few flaws with the ordinance, pertaining to the process of identifying the beneficiaries of this scheme:

 “Indeed, the identification of the poor to be subsidised is genuinely problematic. The earlier system of automatic exclusion at least had a criterion of identification. In the current proposed differentiations of general, priority and excluded households, there is an extremely confusing and complicated criterion. It is impractical and impossible to implement. People will have no clarity on which category they belong to and what their respective entitlements are – this will lead to an opaque system and to the exclusion of many people.”

Given the perceived lacunae in the ordinance, especially in the area of implementation, trenchant criticism has been mounting on the union government from various quarters. A section of netizens too have voiced their scepticism.  For example, Tejinder Narang wrote on his blog:

“Food ministers/ Chief Ministers of Congress ruled states/ and other official spokesmen have declared that there is “no problem” in rolling out the scheme politically and financially. The rule of thumb is that when Governments say “no problem”, apprehend that there is a “serious problem”. Sure there is “no problem” in promise being made at the time of elections. But there could be “serious problems” for the successive Governments to perform at huge national cost to all.

A key reason for general food inaccessibility is the inability to store all the produce safely. In a Slideshare presentation titled ‘Rotting Of Food Grains', KD030303 made a compelling point about the abysmal state of food storage in the country. In the absence of better storage capability, the government's plan to increase food procurement as well as to curtail its export is likely to directly increase the incidence of such losses. The efforts of the government should be therefore be directed towards building storage capacity to match the levels of agricultural production in the country.

The underlying issue here is the need to evaluate the benefits of government subsidies in general. This sentiment is echoed in the following tweets as well:

Blogger Sonali Ranade (@sonaliranade) had the following comment regarding subsidies:

Well-known Indian blogger Nitin Pai (@acorn) also tweeted his views about subsidies in general and their economic impact:

Subsidies will dent any nation’s economy. As observed in the past, subsidies on fuel, fertilizers, and electricity have already cost the exchequer heavily. The record budget deficit of the country is doing no good to the spiraling cost of living. It remains to be seen how the government can afford such a large scale subsidy scheme. Perhaps it is time we remind ourselves of the saying – “Give a man a fish and you feed him for a day. Teach a man to fish and you feed him for a lifetime.”

by Vigneshwar Shankar at July 30, 2013 03:49 AM

Outspoken Chinese Singer Detained Over Online Bomb Threat

Chinese police have detained an activist singer after she wrote online that she wanted to blow up government buildings.

Shortly after a man set off a bomb at Beijing's airport on July 20, 2013, Wu Hongfei, a former journalist and now a singer based in Beijing, posted on China’s most popular microblogging site Sina Weibo that she wanted to blow up two local government departments. She was detained two days later by Beijing police on the charge of “causing trouble”.

Beijing police confirmed on July 26 that Wu is detained for falsifying a terrorist threat, a crime that may result in five years in prison.

Many thought the threat was not serious, but they suspected that Wu's detention was political retribution for her past criticisms of the government and that the police will want to make an example of her to deter others.

The detention of Wu has triggered discussions on Sina Weibo over whether Wu's post should be considered as a terrorist threat.

Singer Wuzhongfei(pic from Sina Weibo)

Singer Wuzhongfei(pic from Sina Weibo)

Global Times reported that a Sina Weibo vote with more than 27,000 participants showed that nearly 82 percent of those polled said Wu should not receive a criminal sentence, even though her words were inappropriate.

Many lawyers and intellectuals argue that Wu committed a crime that does not exist, and others call for freedom of speech to ensure a healthy society.

A Shanghai-based Lawyer wrote [zh]:

不是是否同意的问题,根本不成立犯罪。

It’s not a question of whether or not Wu should be sent to prison, the fact is that the crime doesn’t exist.

Professor Wang Quanjie uploaded [zh] evidence of similar violent speeches in the past by other bloggers:

吴虹飞如果要被判刑,那么下图这些公开威胁杀人的微博主该怎么处理呢?

If Wu Hongfei is to be sentenced, how about those bloggers who threatened in public to kill people?

Writer Tianyou wrote [zh]:

女歌手吴虹飞被刑拘,给人的感觉就是他们现在特别恐惧,有种草木皆兵的感觉。联想起在一系列刑事案件和群体事件中他们的处理方法,给人的感觉他们是完全没有智慧,进退失据,手段简单粗暴。这种情况不改变,恐怕会使得官民对立更加严重。

Singer Wu Hongfei’s detention makes people feel [the government] is so scared that they see everyone as their enemy. It also reminds me of how they deal with other criminal cases. They have no wisdom, and are totally clueless and brutal. If the situations don’t change, the tension between the government and the ordinary citizens will be more intensified.

Professor Kan Hongguo from Northwest University of Politics maintained [zh] that freedom of speech is key to a healthy society:

没有言论自由,就不足以形成健康的公民社会土壤,就会导致病态的政府。事实上,政府并不能从滥用的严刑峻法中得到任何实际的好处。言论的自由开放与权力的节制审慎之间所形成的良性互动,才是政府和公民的最大福音。

Freedom of speech is essential to a healthy civil society. Lacking in freedom of speech will lead to morbid government. In fact, the government does not benefit from the abuse of law. The positive interaction between freedom of speech and restraint power is the greatest gospel for the government and citizens.

Law Professor of Beijing University Zhang Qianfan quoted [zh] famous Chinese politician and intellectual Luo Longji:

“压迫言论自由的危险,比言论自由的危险更危险。”公民言论可能是理性平和的,也可能是激进极端的,甚至带有暴力恐吓的迹象,但是只要还有讨论和说服的空间,就不能动用国家机器压制言论,即便是以法律的名义。

“The oppression of freedom of speech is more dangerous than freedom of expression.” Citizens’ comments can be calm and rational, or extreme and radical, even with signs of violent threat, but as long as there is room for discussion and persuasion, you can not use the state apparatus to suppress freedom of speech, even if it is in the name of law.

by Abby at July 30, 2013 01:02 AM

Ecuadorian Football Star Christian Benítez Dies

Football player Christian Rogelio Benítez Betancourt died on July 29, 2013, as the official page of the Qatari club El Jaish announced. The unexpected passing of “Chucho” Benítez (as he was also known) was the result of reasons that are still unknown.

In Mexico (the country where Benítez played last season making it to the championship with Club América) journalist Paola Rojas (@Paola_Rojas_H) [es] was one of the first to report the news known:

The Ecuadorian media is reporting that the goal-scoring “Chucho Benítez” has died from a heart attack.

Several followers of the above-mentioned Mexican club expressed their grief. This was the case of Twitter user Jessy (@_Jessy19) [es], who remembered the achievements of Benítez in this way:

Chucho Benítez you left América: 79 games played, 52goals,Three-time Top Scorer and CHAMPION… Thank you CHUCHO! We are going to miss you

Omar Cerrillo (@ocerrillo) [es], who said he was not a follower of Club América, said he felt sad, and at the same time he remembered the case of Salvador Cabañas, a football player who was shot in the head with a firearm while he served in the aforementioned club:

What bad luck for #America. First Cabañas and now Benitez. It is sad, even if you are against América.

Mexican football player Javier “Chicharito” Hernández (@CH14_) [es] wished a prompt recovery from grief for the family of Benítez:

Very sad and in shock from the news of the passing of Chucho Benítez, wishing a prompt recovery from grief for his family and loved ones… #animoEcuador

In Ecuador, Daniela Hidalgo (@danielahidalgom) [es] said this about the death of Benítez:

Early this morning in #Qatar #ChuchoBenitez passed away from a heart attack, Ecuadorian football is in mourning

Janina Mendoza (@janimendoza12) [es] also expressed sadness over the loss of the football player:

This is a terrible loss for our football. Noo how sad the news of #chuchoBenítez passing away from a heart attack in Qatar. RIP

Joseph Blatter (@SeppBlatter) [es], President of FIFA, said this about the death of “Chucho” Benítez:

Dismayed by the passing of Chucho Benítez. My thoughts are with his family and with Ecuadorian football.

“Chucho” Benítez was born in Quito, Ecuador on May 1, 1986. During his professional career he moved around between different teams. Internationally, he is remembered for the time he spent in the Premier League of England with Birmingham City, and recently, in Latin America, he is recognized for the championship he reached in the previously named LigaMx with Club América from the Mexican capital.

by Sally Seward at July 30, 2013 12:59 AM

July 29, 2013

Lawrence Lessig
The Original Meaning of "Corruption"

Inspired by the work of Zephyr Teachout and Zach Brugman, and aided by the work of two research assistants, Dennis Courtney and Zach D’Amico, the lawyers at the Constitutional Accountability Center and I have submitted this amicus brief to the Supreme Court for the upcoming McCutcheon v. F.E.C.

The basic question the brief addresses is this: What would the framers of the Constitution have understood the word “corruption” to mean? This question is important since at least 5 justices on the Supreme Court are “originalists,” and the Court has held that the meaning of “corruption” determines how far Congress may go to address the issue of “campaign finance reform.” 

To answer that question, Dennis Courtney and Zach D’Amico gathered every use of the term “corruption” from documents at the founding. They then each coded the uses. The basic questions they asked were first whether the term “corruption” was being predicated of an institution, or an individual; second, whether the use was discussing “quid pro quo” corruption; and third, whether it described “improper dependence” as a kind of corruption.

The results were striking. A significant majority of the times the Framers use the term “corruption,” corruption is predicated of an entity, not an individual (57%). Every instance of “quid pro quo” corruption is describing individual corruption, not entity corruption. And for the significant number of cases in which the Framers are discussing “improper dependence” as a kind of corruption, they are describing entity corruption (67%) not individual corruption (33%).

These numbers make it hard to believe that the Framers of our Constitution would have used the term “corruption” to refer to “quid pro quo” corruption alone. Or put more sharply, these number suggest that only a non-originalist could support the idea that “corruption” refers to “quid pro quo” corruption alone. 

You can see the original research at the tumblr blog, oCorruption.tumblr.com

(Original post on Tumblr)

by Lessig at July 29, 2013 11:50 PM

Global Voices
Saudi Security Forces Burn Down House and Cars in Awwamiya Raid

Saudi security forces raided Awwamiya village in Qatif today [July 30] to arrest Abbas Al-Mazraa. Al-Mazraa appeared on the 23 wanted persons list issued by the government for his participation in protests that swept Qatif with the beginning of the so-called Arab Spring in 2011. The raid lasted from 5.45am to 2pm.

Forces raided Al-Mazraa's house under heavy gunfire which started a fire that burnt down the house and the cars around it.
Some neighboring offices were also damaged. According to Twitter users, firemen were prevented from reaching the fire for over two hours.

This video, uploaded on YouTube, shows the damage left on the scene in the aftermath of the raid:

Along with Abbas Al-Mazraa, six of his brothers were arrested.

Dr Reema shares this tweet [ar]:

They burnt his house and his car, the source of his income, and tied up his brothers and arrested Abbas Al-Mazraa

It was also reported that Al-Mazraa's mother, aunt and sisters were taken to Awwamiya police station where they were held briefly then released.

It's not the first time for security forces to attack and fire arbitrarily in a residential area. Last month, they killed Ali Al-Mahrous and Morsi Al-Rebh in Qatif.

The spokesman of the ministry of interior told the official government news agency, SPA, [ar] that Abbas Al-Mazraa and eight other men are accused of drug trafficking and that's why they were arrested.

The 23 wanted persons are accused of causing disorder and riots, among other charges and were called to hand themselves over to authorities. Many of them denied all charges and said their only crime was protesting peacefully demanding their rights. Citizens in Qatif complain of the discrimination they face as Muslims of the Shiite sect, but the government denies such discrimination.

Since March 2011, at least 20 people have been killed in the eastern province by security forces and 850 people were arrested. Around 190 are still in jail.

by Hadeel Mohammed at July 29, 2013 09:10 PM

Doc Searls
Getting kicks at 66

Route 66A year ago I entered the final demographic. So far, so good.

@Deanland texted earlier, asking if I had a new affinity with WFAN, the New Yawk radio station that radiates at 660 on what used to be the AM “dial.” Back when range mattered, WFAN was still called WNBC, and its status as a “clear channel” station was non-trivial. At night clear channel stations could be heard up to thousands of miles away on a good radio. Other stations went off the air to clear the way for these beacons of raw 50,000-watt power. As a kid I listened to KFI from Los Angeles in the wee hours and in California I sometimes got WBZ from Boston. Now even “clears” like WFAN are protected only to 750 miles away, which means any or all of these stations also on 660 splatter over each other. Reminds me of a fake ad I did once back when I was at WSUS: All the world’s most beautiful music, all at once. We overdubbed everything we could onto one track.

Funny, a few months back my 16-year old son asked what the point of “range” was with radio. He’s a digital native who is used to being zero distance from everybody else on the Net, including every broadcaster.

He made his point when we were driving from Boston to New York on a Sunday afternoon last month, listening to the only radio show he actually cares about: All A Capella on WERS. While WERS is one of Boston’s smaller stations, it has a good signal out to the west, so we got it nearly to Worcester. Then, when it went away, the kid pulled out the family iPad, which has a Net connection over the cell system, got WERS’ stream going, and we listened to the end of the show, somewhere in Connecticut, with the iPad jacked into the car radio, sounding great.

Meanwhile here I am with a giant pile of trivia in my brain about how AM and FM broadcasting works. It’s like knowing about steam engines.

But mostly I keep living in the future. That’s why I’m jazzed that both VRM and personal cloud development is rocking away, in many places. Following developments took me on three trips to Europe in May and June, plus two to California and one to New Zealand and Australia. Lots of great stuff going on. It’s beyond awesome to have the opportunity to help move so much good stuff forward.

Speaking of distance, the metaphor I like best, for the birthday at hand, is “(Get Your Kicks on) Route 66.” Composed in the ’40s by Bobby Troup, the jazz composer and actor, it has been covered by approximately everybody in the years since. The Nelson Riddle sound track for the TV show Route 66 was evocative in the extreme: one of the best road tunes ever written and performed. In addition to that one I have ten other versions:

  • Erich Kunzel
  • John Mayer
  • Chuck Berry
  • Nat King Cole
  • The Cramps
  • The Surfaris
  • Oscar Peterson & Manhattan Transfer
  • Andrews Sisters and Bing Crosby
  • Manhattan Transfer
  • Asleep at the Wheel

My faves are the last two. I’ll also put in a vote for Danny Gatton‘s Cruisin’ Deuces, which runs Nelson Riddle’s beat and muted trumpet through a rockabilly template of Danny’s own, and just kicks it.

Anyway, my birthday is happy, so far. Thanks for all the good wishes coming in.

by Doc Searls at July 29, 2013 07:30 PM

Global Voices Advocacy
New Philippine Congress Tackles Digital Rights

Digital rights advocates in the Philippines are gearing up for what could be a transformative period for national-level Internet policy. Within a week of the start of this congressional term, lawmakers had proposed several Internet-related measures that would create strong protections for user rights. This is a welcome development for those who have been working to scrap the country's controversial Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 and promote human rights online.

Senator Miriam Defensor Santiago became a leader of the effort when she filed Senate Bill No. 53 or the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom. The bill will repeal Republic Act 10175, the anti-cybercrime law whose libel provisions were described by Santiago as being vague and overly broad. Santiago emphasized the need to promote constitutional rights in drafting laws that relate to the Internet:

While it is important to crackdown on criminal activities on the internet, protecting constitutional rights like free expression, privacy, and due process should hold a higher place in crafting laws.

Santiago’s bill comprehensively tackles issues of Internet governance, cybercrime protection, digital rights, intellectual property, and access. The counterpart measure in the House of Representatives was filed as House Bill No. 1086 by Rep. Kimi Cojuangco.

Student protest against the Cybercrime Prevention Act. Photo from Kabataan Partylist

Student protest against the Cybercrime Prevention Act. Photo from Kabataan Partylist.

Senator Teofisto Guingona III filed Senate Bill No. 73 or the Crowdsourcing Act of 2013 which “seeks to allow wider participation from the public in the legislative process through the use of information and communications technology.” As described in a Senate press release:

…the bill will harness the productive and effective power of social media, as well as allow Filipinos across the country, and even abroad, to participate in the process of law-making.

Crowdsourcing is an expression of the belief that despite our geographical separation, people can still participate in national affairs through the borderless world of the internet.

The bill allows people to comment on pending bills through email and the internet.

Guingona added that “all the comments and all the suggestions (posted online) become official record of the lawmaking process.”

Meanwhile, in the House of Representatives, the Kabataan (Youth) Partylist put forth an Internet freedom agenda for the coming term. Led by Rep. Terry Ridon, the group filed House Bill No. 1100 or Internet Freedom Bill which seeks to promote and protect the rights of Internet users. Ridon concurrently filed House Bill 1132, which repeals the Cybercrime Prevention Act of 2012 in its entirety. Although the Cybercrime Prevention Act is currently under a temporary (but indefinite) restraining order due to concerns about its constitutionality, a successful repeal could kill the bill altogether, making room for strong, user-protective laws such as the Internet Freedom Bill and the aforementioned Magna Carta.

The Internet Freedom Bill would protect specific rights such as universal access to the Internet, freedom of association on the Internet, quality of connection, users’ rights to benefit from what they create, freedom of expression on the Internet, and privacy. The bill also shields users from unwarranted surveillance. It prohibits the following activities:

Monitoring or analyzing of data by an internet service provider without prior knowledge and consent of the user or subscriber.

Internet surveillance and data collection on users by agencies and instrumentalities of the State without securing a court order.

Identification of internet users and disclosure of their communications data without a court order and for purposes other than criminal investigations and criminal proceedings.

Accessing communications data by persons other than public authorities that are directly involved in criminal investigations and criminal proceedings.

The Kabataan party also proposed a third measure, House Bill 1550, or the Free Public Wi-Fi Act, which seeks to provide free wireless Internet access in government offices and other public places. To promote web access, particularly among the low-income groups, the Free Public Wi-Fi Act sets a mandate for the Department of Science and Technology, requiring the agency to provide free Internet connectivity in buildings of all national government offices including regional and satellite offices, municipal halls and provincial capitols, state universities and colleges, public parks and plazas, public hospitals, and even in public transportation terminals such as airports and bus stations.

These measures all fall within the party's stated Internet agenda for the coming term. The party identified five key goals on the agenda:

1. Junking the Cybercrime Prevention Law of 2012
2. Upholding freedom of expression and association on the Internet
3. Universal access to the Internet
4. Improvement of quality of connection
5. Protection of internet privacy

Congress has three years to tackle these measures which hopefully will convince legislators and the Executive that cybercrime is just one of the many issues affecting citizens online. Rather than choosing between Internet-related laws that chiefly promote the interests of government, Congress can now consider measures that protect the rights of Philippine Internet users.

[Disclosure: The author is former representative of the Kabataan Partylist in the 14th and 15th Congress of the Philippines]

 

Learn more

A Brief Analysis of the Magna Carta for Philippine Internet Freedom, Electronic Frontier Foundation, July 8, 2013

Philippines Offers ‘Enhanced’ Cybercrime Prevention Law, Global Voices Advocacy, June 5, 2013

by Mong Palatino at July 29, 2013 06:41 PM

Technology | Academics | Policy
Privacy Expert Hoofnagle Analyzes Implications of NSA Surveillance
The massive scale of domestic surveillance conducted by the National Security Administration (NSA) has stunned many Americans, but Berkeley Law’s Chris Hoofnagle saw it coming. Nearly a decade ago, the lecturer in residence warned of increasingly broad and unchecked monitoring.

July 29, 2013 02:32 PM

Privacy Expert Hoofnagle Analyzes Implications of NSA Surveillance
The massive scale of domestic surveillance conducted by the National Security Administration (NSA) has stunned many Americans, but Berkeley Law’s Chris Hoofnagle saw it coming. Nearly a decade ago, the lecturer in residence warned of increasingly broad and unchecked monitoring.

July 29, 2013 02:32 PM

Global Voices
Cairo: “Non-stop Sound of Gunshots”

More than 100 people were killed and 1,500 injured during clashes at a sit-in by supporters of ousted Egyptian president Mohamed Morsi in the Rabaa Al Adawiya mosque area, in Nasr City, Cairo.

According to the Daily News Egypt, the Public Prosecution have started investigations into what happened late that Friday [July 27] night.

Egyptian blogger Mosa'ab Elshamy was at the scene and shares what he saw in the following tweets:

 

 

 

 

 

Rabaa ... After the clashes. Photograph by Mosa'ab Elshamy. Used with permission.

Rabaa … After the clashes. Photograph by Mosa'ab Elshamy. Used with permission.

On flickr, he shares these photographs from the tragedy.

by Amira Al Hussaini at July 29, 2013 02:04 PM

Free Assisted Reproduction Could Be Denied to Lesbians and Single Women in Spain

In Spain, if someone cannot conceive a child through natural means, she can use free of charge assisted reproduction techniques. These techniques have been available to lesbian couples and women who have opted to be single mothers, since even though they don't have fertility problems, they cannot conceive a child through natural means.

However, this is about to change.

According to existing legislation [es], one can rely on social security to take advantage of these techniques:

(…) cuando haya un diagnóstico de esterilidad o una indicación clínica establecida, de acuerdo con los programas de cada servicio de salud: Inseminación artificial; fecundación in vitro e inyección intracitoplasmática de espermatozoides, con gametos propios o de donante y con transferencia de embriones; transferencia intratubárica de gametos.

(…) when there is a diagnosis of sterility or an established clinical indication, in accordance with the programs at each health service: artificial insemination; in vitro fertilization and intracytoplasmic injection of spermatozoa, with their own or donated gametes and with transfer of embryos; intrafallopian transfer of gametes.

Since public health care is the responsibility of regional governments, until now the autonomous communities (CCAA) have applied this policy at their discretion.  In this way, several CCAAs have been protected by their interpretation of «established clinical indication» to make offer services to lesbian couples and women who have opted to be mothers without a partner.

However, on July 18, El País reported [es] de que:

Ana Mato, Spanish minister of Health, responsible for the cuts in this area.  Photo from the Facebook page «Yo NO voté a Rajoy. Tengo la conciencia tranquila. ¿Y tú?» (I didn't vote for Rajoy.  I have a clean conscience.  You?)

Ana Mato, Spanish minister of Health, responsible for the cuts in this area. Photo from the Facebook page «Yo NO voté a Rajoy. Tengo la conciencia tranquila. ¿Y tú?» (I didn't vote for Rajoy. I have a clean conscience. You?)

La cartera común básica de servicios que está definiendo el Ministerio de Sanidad los reserva solo para “parejas integradas por un hombre y una mujer” y siempre que haya problemas de fertilidad. Así lo recoge la propuesta que ha enviado el departamento de Ana Mato a las comunidades autónomas (…)

The basic portfolio of services that the Ministry of Health is defining reserves them only for “couples consisting of a man and a woman” and only when there are fertility problems. This is stipulated in the proposal that the department of Ana Mato has sent to the autonomous communities (…)

This proposal does not provide assisted reproduction to lesbian couples or single women.  The news has made a strong impact in the press and on social networks.  In general, it is considered that the new policy discriminates against non-traditional families, and the government of the People's Party is accused of legislating according to their ideology and being strongly influenced by the Catholic church.

The Executive Committee of the Episcopal Spanish Conference writes on the website Catholic.net [es]:

[La Ley de Reproducción de 1988] viola el derecho de los hijos a ser engendrados en el acto fecundo de donación interpersonal de los padres (…) se alteran las relaciones familiares acudiendo a donantes de gametos ajenos al matrimonio e incluso se condena a los niños a nacer sin familia, ya que permite que sea una persona sola la que los encargue al laboratorio; y se niega a muchos hijos el conocer a sus padres, pues se establece el anonimato de los donantes de gametos.

[The Reproduction Law of 1988] violates the right of children to be born through fertilization via an interpersonal gift from two parents (…) family relationships are altered, introducing distant gamete donors into marriage, and children are even condemned to be born without a family, since it permits a single person to be entrusted with them; and many children are denied the ability to know their fathers, because the anonymity of gamete donors has been established.

The ultra-Catholic website HazteOir.org [es] published a report in 2005 that supposedly demonstrates that children of homosexual couples suffered from a higher percentage of problems such as low self-esteem, drug dependence, failure in school, stress, or sexual identity disorder. The report, which has been removed from the original website, can be found here [es].

However, the blog Médico crítico [es] refuted this report with others of greater scientific credibility:

Posteriormente, en abril de 2013, [la Asociación Americana de Pediatría] dio un paso más posicionándose abiertamente en favor de la adopción homoparental al existir abundantes datos que indican que no existen diferencias en el desarrollo cognitivo ni conductual de los niños criados en estas familias con respecto a las familias heteroparentales, no siendo la orientación sexual de los padres un factor modificador de dicho desarrollo (“Promoting the well-being of children whose parents are gay or lesbian“).

Earlier, in April of 2013, [the American Pediatric Association] took a stance, positioning themselves openly in favor of adoption by homosexual parents, since abundant data exists that indicates no difference in the cognitive or behavioral development of children raised in these families, as compared to families with heterosexual parents.  The sexual orientation of the parents is not a modifying factor of said development. (“Promoting the well-being of children whose parents are gay or lesbian“).

Many internet users expressed opinions similar to what Esther M. [es] wrote in the online newspaper 20minutos.es [es]:

(…) la reproducción asistida es para quien tiene imposibilidad de [concebir un hijo], no para quien no le da la gana hacerlo. Si eres lesbiana y no te gustan los hombres estás en tu derecho. Y de no follar con ellos también. Pero claro, no podrás tener un hijo y no tenemos por qué pagarte los demás un método alternativo de tener un niño. Porque no es que no puedas, es que no quieres, que es distinto.

(…) assisted reproduction is for those that are not able to [conceive a child], not for those that have no desire to do it. If you are lesbian and don't like men, you have that right. And also the right to not screw them. But clearly, you will not be able to have a child and we don't have to pay so that others have an alternate method of having a child. Because it's not that you can't, it's that you don't want to, which is different.
Call for a protest rally against the new proposal from the Ministry of Health. Photo from the Facebook page of the event.

Call for a protest rally against the new proposal from the Ministry of Health. Photo from the Facebook page of the event.

However, on the website Cáscara amarga [es], Cristina P. Álvarez, coordinator of the Lesbian Policy Work Group of the Federation of Lesbians, Gays, Transexuals and Bisexuals (FELGTB), had a very different vision of the situation:

El mismo impedimento para procrear tiene una pareja heterosexual en la que el varón es estéril que una pareja formada por dos mujeres. Si nadie propone a la mujer en el primer caso que ella no tiene problemas y que busque otro hombre, por ejemplo, tampoco se le puede proponer a una mujer sola o a una pareja de mujeres.

A heterosexual couple in which the man is sterile has the same impediment to creating a baby as a couple of two women. If nobody suggests to the woman in the first case that she has no problem and should look for another man, for example, neither can it be suggested to a single woman or a couple formed by women.

And Asturminator commented [es] on the news which appeared in El País [es]:

Medida ideológica para atar los votos de la parte más conservadora del partido. El ahorro que conlleva esta ley es totalmente insignificante. Se trata una vez más de favorecer el concepto de familia que esta gente quiere imponer.

Ideological action to gather up the votes of the more conservative side of the party. The savings that this law brings with it is totally insignificant. It is once again favoring the concept of family that these people want to impose.
Alicia Sánchez Camacho and Dolores Cospedal, two directors of the PP that relied on assisted reproduction to be single mothers.  Photo from the blog ppcerdanyola.

Alicia Sánchez Camacho and Dolores Cospedal, two directors of the PP that relied on assisted reproduction to be single mothers. Photo from the blog ppcerdanyola.

Sin salida wrote [es] in the Huffington post:

Y seguirán diciendo que no es ideología. Como siguen diciendo que no lo es pagar a los profesores de religión y despedir a los de música o matemáticas.

And they will continue saying that it's not ideological. Just like they continue saying that paying religion professors and firing those that teach music and math is not either.

It so happens that two important members of the executive team of the PP, the general secretary Dolores Cospedal [es] and the president of PP in Cataluña Alicia Sánchez-Camacho [es], underwent at one time in vitro fertilization in order to be single mothers, although the latter stated in an interview to Vanity Fair:

(…) no renuncio a que mi hijo tenga un padre. Mi hijo se va a educar, si Dios quiere, en una unidad familiar con un padre y con una madre. No creo en el modelo educativo de dos personas del mismo sexo. Y, aunque yo he hecho la opción en solitario, espero llegar a tener la pareja que mi hijo necesita.

(…) I haven't given up on my child having a father. My son is going to be educated, as God desires, in a family unit with a father and a mother. I don't believe in the educational model of two people of the same sex. And, although I have made the choice by myself, I wish to eventually have the spouse that my son needs.

by Alan Bailey at July 29, 2013 01:45 PM

Saudi Website Founder to be Imprisoned, Lashed

Free Saudi Liberals website founder Raif Badawi was sentenced to seven years in prison and 600 lashes earlier today [July 29]. Badawi was arrested on 17 June, 2012 in Jeddah and was charged with “setting up a website that undermines general security” and ridiculing Islamic religious figures.

The Free Saudi Liberals website was an online forum for public discussions. It was shutdown following Badawi's arrest, and it had been blocked within the country for years. In today's sentence, the judge also ordered the permanent shutdown of the website:

حكم القاضي في قضية رائف بدوي بغلق موقع الشبكة الليبرالية الحرة

@abualkhair: In today's sentence in Raif Badawi's case, the judge ordered the shutdown of the Free Saudi Liberals website.

On December 17, 2012, the case was referred to a higher court, The General Court in Jeddah, after he had been charged with apostasy, which carries the death penalty. Badawi was asked by the judge to abandon his views, but he refused.

Badawi is the father of three children who have left the country with their mother following his arrest. They are currently based in Beirut, Lebanon.

Amnesty International has considered him “a prisoner of conscience detained solely for the peaceful exercise of his right to freedom of expression” and demanded his immediate, unconditional release.

by Osama Khalid at July 29, 2013 01:22 PM

Brunei Bans Daytime Dining in Muslim Restaurants

The Brunei Islamic Religious Council (MUIB) has issued an order prohibiting non-Muslims to dine in a restaurant or fastfood outlet owned by Muslims in the daytime during the holy month of Ramadhan. The new regulation is meant to show respect to Muslims who are fasting during the day. Brunei is a Muslim-majority nation.

Non-Muslims are advised to take out their order and consume their food elsewhere. The ban applies to foreigners and tourists as well.

Many people were surprised with the directive considering that Ramadhan will be over soon. Some restaurant owners are not yet aware of the new regulation. KFC Brunei has issued this statement to advise customers about the adjustment in their operations in response to the MUIB directive:

With respect to the new directive from the Brunei Islamic Religious Council (MUIB), only Takeaway, Delivery and Drive Thru services will be available during the fasting period of the Ramadhan month. Our operating hours remain the same

Brunei restaurant. Photo from Flickr of Reeda. CC License

Brunei restaurant. Photo from Flickr of Reeda. CC License

Netizens reacted strongly. On Instagram, @maurina described the new ruling as silly:

This is the silliest directive ever! Somehow I don't think the world have to stop just because we're fasting. Fasting in Ramadhan is an awesome time between me and my beautiful God. It has nothing to do with non-Muslims eating in restaurants? Sorry MUIB! This is a #fail. Lets stay positive and be a more tolerant society!

@alingms shared the same sentiment:

@maurina omg! Too much eh! Even non muslims cant eat? They might as well force each and every non muslim to convert! Why cant they respect other religion as well kan?!!

@nr_han feared that Brunei could soon be the ‘land of endless restrictions’:

This is so stupid! Did they even think thoroughly of the implications before implementing this rule?? Brunei…Abode of peace. Yeah right. More like, Land of Endless Restrictions!

The ruling has ‘weakened the nation’, according to @jo8bean:

Agreed, #epicfail @maurina.. If I may be so bold to say that this directive has just ‘weakened a nation'. #tsk

@liza_mohd commented that it could make Brunei a ‘less tolerant community’:

Inconsiderate towards minorities & it also makes us look like a less tolerant community. Such an unprecedented and absurd move!

But @imanadzmara reminded netizens to keep calm since the ruling will not be implemented the whole year:

It's only for Ramadhan NOT the whole year round and it only affected muslim food operators. Yeah, keep calm. We are still blessed to live in a ‘free’ country, no income tax, free education, free medical and expensive treatments abroad. Why need to jump when the Government do this ‘small’ thing compared to the ‘big’ thing given to us. Take it or leave it

@qhhr has mixed feelings over the directive:

People, there are loopholes here. In light of what has happened, at least you save a lot of money. Although, the new implemented rule is ridiculous. It could have been done eons ago, we were better off it anyway.

@n_cud wrote that it is insulting to non-Muslims:

Its the fact that this was even thought of in the beginning that is kinda insulting to non muslims, loophole or not.. Where does it end? Closin down of all businesses during prayer times everyday? seems like we're headed that way

@kangta164 argued that it is an unnecessary regulation:

Personally, I think it's one of the “unnecessary” rule implemented. Fasting is about an individual commitment to resist temptation. To implement such rule that affects businesses is illogical. I personally hate the fact that it segregates “non Muslims” and “Muslims” because it encourages religionism. I do have Muslims friends and I respect the fact that they're fasting so realistically, I won't eat in front of them. But to make it a mandatory rule is pretty much ridiculous.

It seemed authorities became overzealous in performing their job, wrote @tiny_lou:

Isnt it about resisting temptation? So if the temptations removed. .no resistance required! Seemd over zealous..what next..cut off all water supplies?? What about tourists..expats..non muslims?

by Mong Palatino at July 29, 2013 04:21 AM

E-book Offers ‘Pearls’ From Women Around the World

“Pearls around the Neck” is an anthology comprising tales, poems, essays, interviews, and testimonials submitted by women from different races, languages, social background, education level, religion, and age. They contributed with their own words, and in turn these words “mirror in many delicate touches the various facets of the world of women”, as explains Catherine Beeckman, the e-book's curator.

An avid reader of Global Voices, Catherine says our work has inspired hers in many different ways. In the interview below, she explains how “our writings feed hers” and shares the background of Pearls around the Neck, inviting readers to discover the purpose of this anthology: “to create ecology of the heart and maintain the chain of connections between words and compassion”.

Sex in Tokyo... Sex

Tim Gallo's photo that illustrates the essay “Sex in Tokyo… Sex?” by Catherine Beeckman, Japan/U.S.A. Used with permission.

Global Voices (GV): Catherine, can you tell us a little bit about you?

Catherine Beeckman (CB): Born in Belgium and on the road at 24 months of age with my parents in Africa and South America, I finally graduated with a degree in Linguistics and Semiology at the University of Louvain in my home country.

I have five children. As a family, we maintained our globe-trotter life, moving to Africa, Europe, Asia, South America and the USA.

My interests have always been languages (philology), books (any type of literature, even Manga), travelling and people. My passion number one are my children: from 23 to five years old, I am constantly amazed by the three generations they embody. They update me daily in every area: music, media, films, vocabulary and new discoveries. The five live in distinct parts of the world and study different subjects. They are truly a source of knowledge. I respect the young generations and trust their approach towards the future.

My intention is to transmit what I have gathered on the paths I have walked and involve as many partners as possible: to give back is of paramount importance.

GV: You have lived in 17 different countries in 51 years – that's an average of one country for each three years of your life. How has this global, multicultural upbringing shaped who you are today, and ultimately, “Pearls around the Neck”?

CB: It is rather unusual, still many people are part of this “blueplanet-moving-diaspora”!

Sometimes, we only stayed four months in a country (Rwanda, Burundi); in some countries, we resided in a megalopolis (Tokyo) in others we lived in the jungle (Bendel State, Nigeria). We studied in different languages (Spanish in Chile and Argentina), we heard different prayers from the Muezzin call in Senegal to the Buddhist temples in Singapore; we acclimated to Rep of Central Africa, and revised our manners in Japan, conformed to the Swiss and reviewed it all in Southern USA! We live like “guests”.

That does not include all the countries we visited: Myanmar, Philippines, Indonesia, Haiti, Belize…
It is impossible to remain indifferent: one is soaked, invested by the others, by their rhythm of life, their colors, their accents, their traditions, their conflicts and their history but most importantly, by their stories…their words.

My early childhood (two till 12 years old) in Africa had a profound impact on my perception of the “palabre”=” the word”. Stories have a more organic aspect in the African continent. And women are exceptional story tellers. They tell different stories; women are chroniclers from anecdotes often ignored or left in silence.
“Pearls around the Neck” regroups women’s testimonies from around the planet. This anthology is a true affirmation, an evidence of a global life.

GV: Can you tells us more about “Pearls around the Neck”? When did it all start and how was it put together?

CB: The project started early 2011. I read online: blogs, papers and news websites. Global Voices is one of my sources: a website that crosses frontiers and boundaries. I could not “copy-cat” what was already available and creating yet another blog did not seem appealing. There are many tools of expression today. I started gathering texts and stories. Social networking was the key: I literally reactivated my electronic address book and begged for more connections. The stories started pouring: some were interesting, compelling, provocative, others were dull. This is precisely how it started…I did not know what was in store for me!

Tim Gallo's photo to illustrate Twelve Moons, a poem by Marie JJMG. Switzerland.

Tim Gallo's photo to illustrate “Twelve Moons”, a poem by Marie JJMG. Switzerland.

GV: The book sounds like a truly collaborative effort. In terms of writers alone, there were 56 women from 29 countries, plus translators, photographers, and editors. Who are these co-creators, and how did they come together? 

CB: Why don’t we let the reader discover the amplitude of “Pearls”? The real number of people engaged in this adventure is impressive yet we were never working together in the same room: the virtual world is powerful and can help us create any piece of anthology.

The main difficulty though: the translations. Some texts arrived to me in languages I do not speak; some were sent to me in poor English. It was critical to make the book accessible to a wide audience. I built up a team of translators and editors between Paris, Sevilla, New York and home. I had to remain faithful to the texts that were entrusted to me…

I also decided that every possible type of format should be represented: text messages, email, poetry, essay, interview, slam (my favorite!), traditional letter, journal entry…

The presentation of “Pearls around the Neck” was also decisive: I wanted an art piece. I had met Tim Gallo in Tokyo, we actually studied Japanese together! He is young, talented, audacious and authentic. Tim offered his pictures, adapting each photo to the words. Carrie Leigh Dickey had created a previous book of mine (a story book for children, also in three languages side-by-side): she offered to be responsible of the design.

Wake Forest University loved the project and published “Pearls” on their Digital Publishing web site. The true co-creators are: Brigitte de le Court, Carrie Leigh Dickey, Tim and I.

GV: Plus all people who inspired it! Could you please tell us how “Pearls around the Neck” was also inspired by Global Voices?

CB: Global Voices helped me to maintain a line, a choice in my subjects, to infuse me with a sense of urgency towards the themes I would chose to insert.

We pursue the same goal and I have been inspired by your articles and pieces. Reading Global Voices almost daily, it appeared to me that people I had met through the years and across the 17 countries I had resided in could help me write an anthology reporting their stories in different formats, in different languages (even Afrikaans or Wolof!).

Global Voices has inspired me in many different ways: the multi-linguistic availability of the readings and the multicultural background of the various writers; the broad amplitude of articles and the daring approach towards burning subjects with a marginal angle of view; the reality of the characters presented to the readers, people with stories, real women and men, not the front page magazine hero.

Precise stories reported by Global Voices inspired me and motivated me to seek writers around the world to be part of this anthology: Fallen Petal Roses from Myanmar; I great you Maria full of Grace from Congo, after the Global Voices reported on Doctor Denis MukwegeDearest Amalia was inspired by the GV article Mapa 76Perspectives – written by a 16 year old Indian girl – is her view about the power of mankind, feeding on the story of Pakistani teen activist Malala.

The pieces in the Pearl of Politics and the Pearl of Social Evolvement are very inspired the articles published by Global Voices. The Pearl of Social Engagement is totally linked to several posts. Let us consider us the entry about Japan on the 10 June 2013… a resonance of what was written last year in Pearls… a true and sincere exchange of emails revealing important questions. Journalism is everywhere!

We swim in an ocean of news, we are sometimes aggressively visually overwhelmed by the quantity of informations that scroll on our computer screens: perishable crumbles of data to consume. Why not sharing the true simple facts, the stories that move us to the core?

Fallen Rose Petals by Ohmar Win, Rangoon, Burma

Photo that illustrates “Fallen Rose Petals: A Love Story or A Story of Falling Sex Education”. Essay and photo by Ohmar Win, Rangoon, Myanmar/Burma. Used with permission.

GV: It is good to hear that this book is, by definition, “unfinished and open for other pearls to be threaded onto the necklace”. What are the future plans for the book? Can readers collaborate to this necklace?

CB: “Pearls around the Neck” is now being presented and divulged in different ways. The goal actually is to offer the Pearls as extensively as possible and to create global empathy: this anthology was written and composed with the intent to awaken a different type of compassion towards traditional “information”. Every subject can be linked to a cause: see chapter 15.

I wish that the readers of Global Voices could have access to another tool of expression, that they would be inspired by Pearls and extend their participation just as we did by being creative. The stories published by Global Voices call for more Pearls to be written…in this sensitive, personal and intimate way. The material diffused by GV suggested me to go a step further…I need more stories to dwell in, more Pearls to thread…

Photo by Tim Gallo

Tim Gallo's photo that illustrates “The Amorous Battle”, a poem by Marisa Estelrich, U.S.A. Used with permission.

Free Download 

Pearls Around the Neck cover

Pearls book cover

“Pearls around the Neck” is published by Books 2 Live 4 and is available for download free of charge in English, French, and Spanish. It is also possible to buy a Kindle version of the book on Amazon.

The anthology is illustrated with provocative photos by Tokyo based Russian film-maker and photographer Tim Gallo, whose work is “varying, sometimes disturbing, also cruel, intelligent, young and contemporary”.

You can connect with Catherine on Twitter @cathdBeeckman and on Pearl's fan page on Facebook.

by Paula Góes at July 29, 2013 12:48 AM

July 28, 2013

Doc Searls
The Gospel According to ZZ Top

In mass this morning only two words the priest said during the homily stuck in my mind: it’s alright.

Because they called ZZ Top to mind. Specifically, the song Legs. It beginsShe’s got legs. She knows how to use them. Then the boys sing a bunch of other stuff over this repetitive throbbing riff that sounds like it’s made by thousand-pound bees. At the end of the first verse they sum things up with this: yeah, it’s alright.

A few months back I turned my sixteen year old son on to ZZ Top, starting with Legs, and he got a huge laugh out the alright thing. It might not be deep, but it’s still cool. Meaning: it’s alright.

Here’s the original music video, just so ya’ll know what MTV looked like, back in the decade.

Bonus link.

by Doc Searls at July 28, 2013 11:16 PM

Global Voices
Trinidad & Tobago: Will Warner Win?

Austin “Jack” Warner has held many important posts in his lifetime, including FIFA Vice President (beleaguered though his tenure was) and Minister of National Security of Trinidad and Tobago. Tomorrow, he will be fighting to reclaim the title of Minister of Parliament for Chaguanas West, the post from which he voluntarily resigned on the heels of his resignations from Cabinet and as Chairman of the United National Congress, one of the political parties that forms the governing People's Partnership government. He will be contesting the by-election under the banner of his newly-formed political entity, the Independent Liberal Party.

The “Green Party”, as it is called, has been holding elaborate political rallies almost every night in the lead-up to the polls, many of which have been broadcast by mainstream media. The large crowds, questionable campaign tactics and race-centric rhetoric have prompted heated discussions on Facebook, but bloggers have also been sharing their perspectives.

aka_lol expained, tongue firmly in cheek, that the key issue in this election is box drains:

Despite all the learned talk, the Chaguanas West by-elections is not about good governance since the average citizen of this country has no idea what that means or care to Google it. The successful candidate in this election, aka voters’ choice, will be the person who the majority wants to be in charge of their most primal need, the need for proper box drains.

He continued:

In choosing a box drain leader, the people of Chaguanas West will have to go with their guts. We all know that Jack, the owner and CEO of the Independent Liberal Party’s (ILP), has listened to more box drain woes from citizens of this blessed land than any person on the planet. Because of his compassion for the box-drain-challenged, Jack is considered by many to be the foremost box drain authority in the country and probably the entire universe. I am not sure how much Kadija, the United National Congress (UNC) candidate, actually knows about box drains but she has been campaigning in the area with the Prime Minister, giving out gift boxes which might be symbolic of both future box drains and empty promises inside. Avinash, the Peoples National Movement (PNM)’s candidate, is a farmer and because of his party’s track record may prefer to build an aluminum smelter or church with state funds.

The Rag, a blog by Robin Montano, understandably had a lot to say on the election. Montano, a former senator for both the People's National Movement (currently in opposition) and the United National Congress, has joined Warner's new party as interim Chairman. The upcoming Chaguanas by-election got him talking about race in politics:

For the very first time in our modern political history the country has an opportunity to turn away from the traditional racial voting and trying something ‘new’ (and I put that word deliberately in inverted commas). The PNM has always been openly, if not blatantly, racial.

As for the UNC, well under Basdeo Panday it made a serious effort to move to the centre and be ‘all inclusive'. It's predecessor, the Democratic Labour Party (DLP) was a right wing Hindu party where only Hindus needed to apply. Panday, to his great credit, was much more secular and pragmatic in his thinking…which brings us down to today. The present leaders of the UNC certainly held themselves out to be ‘all inclusive’ in the Panday mode…but since the by-election was announced, the gloves have come off and all pretence (sic) about being a national and a nationalist political organisation has been dropped. Just about every single person in the top brass of the UNC from Prime Minister Persad Bissessar on down has come out and preached a line that sounds dangerously close to saying to the people ‘vote race'.

And here is where the opportunity for the country is rearing it's head. If Jack Warner was to win in next Monday's by-election it will send a very loud signal … an almost earth shattering one … that the old way of thinking is well and truly dead. No longer can politicians come to us and say ‘vote for me because I am African/Indian'. Now they are going to have to come and say ‘vote for me because I can and will perform!’

Unsurprisingly, the post predicts that Warner will win the Chaguanas West seat, saying:

It is clear that only Mr. Warner has approached the electorate with a modern 21st century mindset. Mr. Warner has basically said ‘look, I am a performer. When I was your MP I performed and delivered those services that you required. Further, when serious allegations were made against me (all of which I deny) I resigned my seat to give you the opportunity to decide whether or not you still wanted me to represent you in the Parliament of our country'.

A Trini Speaks, a blog written in the slang of Trinidad and Tobago, was also leaning towards a Warner win:

When people wake up on de mornin’ ah July 30th, it go be tuh de realization dat Jack Warner representin’ Chaguanas West again. I tinkin’ it go only be one set ah people who go be surprised doh – Kamla an’ she peeps.

Dis is ah increasingly dutty fight Kamla havin’ wid Jack. It just happen tuh be in Chaguanas West. Yuh eh go be able tuh dodge de unparalleled bacchanal dat comin’ wid Jack’s victory doh.

The blogger took issue with the level of “electioneerin” by the United National Congress, the party of the current Prime Minister:

Who is Khadijah Ameen?

Yes, she is de UNC candidate fuh Chaguanas West.

Maybe ah should ah ask who is de UNC candidate fuh de seat. Den yuh would ah start tuh say, ‘Kaam’, den cyatch yuhself. De way Kamla been campaginin’ it look like she, Kamla Persad-Bissessar, is de real candidate.

Why Kamla refusin’ tuh remember de larse election? She fuhget how she waltz over tuh de sister isle an’ try tuh take over? Actin’ like she presence alone would sway voters? She figured eef she convince dem dat cat in bag is ah good buy, dey would ah buy all de candidates she had in dem bags. Well people in Tobago eh dotish an’ Kamla end up holdin’ de bag an’ covered in whitewash.

It eh de same strategy in Chaguanas West only more personal an’ stinker? Kamla’s goal is tuh destroy Jack at all costs…She was perfectly fine tuh have him in she inner circle when he was dis hardest wukkin’ minister, buh now, she more den willin’ tuh criticize all de tings she didn’t have ah problem wid before.

He continued:

Although ah say plenty times me eh no fan ah Jack Warner’s politics, dat eh have nuttin tuh do wid he intelligence. Eef he was dotish he wouldn’t have dis bottomless pit ah money dat Kamla only now questionin’.

Jack eh just catch ah vaps an’ resign he seat den say he goin’ an’ ask he ex-constituents tuh re-elect him. He have ah plan.

The post also made the point that Warner has strong ties with his constituents. The blogger should know; he lives in Chaguanas West:

Certified or not, ah know it have someting between Jack an’ he constituents. It eh tribal politics an’ Kamla tactics eh breakin’ dat bond. Jack is dey don.

He ended by revealing who he will vote for tomorrow:

I so reach mih limit wid dis campaign. While ah not ah vengeful person ah cyar see mihself votin’ fuh de UNC/PP.

Me eh care eef he was de hardest wukkin’ minister. Not even eef he eh spend plenty time applyin’ fuh houses fuh people outside he district. Ah parsin’ on Jack. Plus he might ups an’ disappear an’ gorn. Next ting ah hear, he in ah land far away on ah multi year restricted forced vacation. From all dat hard wuk maybe?

I eh even have tuh tink about mih no vote fuh de PNM. I cyar support ah belief in tribal politics like is someting multi ethnic Trinbago cook up.

Dat leave Dr. Kirk Meighoo. Me eh know nuttin…

Buh wait.

Dat eh it?

Dat is it right dey!!

Jack go win buh ah know who I votin’ for.

If Warner does win, The Rag says it will “[change] the politics of this country for what can only be the better”. aka_lol sees it an entirely different way:

Regardless of the victor in these elections there will be fireworks on the night the results are known with the country being the biggest loser.

by Janine Mendes-Franco at July 28, 2013 10:25 PM

VIDEO: Pakistani TV Host Gives Away Babies on Primetime Ramadan Show

A TV presenter in Pakistan is under fire for giving away abandoned babies to childless couples on his hit religious quiz show.

Televangelist Dr. Amir Liaquat Hussain has gifted two babies so far during the month of Ramadan, in what some are describing as an attempt to boost viewership during the Islamic holy month's fierce battle for ratings. Part game show and part religious programming, Liaquat's show Amaan Ramzan on TV channel Geo News is very popular in Pakistan.

The infants were presented on the show by Muhammad Ramzan Chhipa, the head of the Chhipa Welfare Association, who told British newspaper the Telegraph, “We have lots of babies that are just abandoned, left in the garbage or other dirty places.”

One of the couples who won a baby girl were reportedly overwhelmed and moved to tears, according to news reports and tweets after the episode.

The host opens the show by saying [ur] in this video uploaded on YouTube by WWN:

Babies that are thrown into garbage dumps, by people among you, who think they have committed a “sin”, I request that you please don't throw them in the trash, even if you think they were born out of sin, please give them to orphanages, so they can be united with people who deserve them, people who want to nurture them and raise them.

Though helping a childless family adopt an abandoned baby is certainly commendable, Pakistani social media rose in outrage, forcefully criticizing Liaquat for treating babies as prizes to be given away.

Tribune Blogs sub-editor Imaan Sheikh (@SheikhImaan) expressed her sheer shock by tweeting:

Journalist Zarrar Khuhro (@ZarrarKhuhro) was no less surprised:

Among the popular Pakistani televangelists, Liaquat is no stranger to controversy. He received heat after it was revealed several years ago that his post-secondary degrees were earned from a widely unrecognized diploma mill. In 2008, he also faced accusations of inciting violence against the minority Ahmadis after dedicating an entire show that was largely critical to the sect.

Amir Liaqat Hussain. Image via Wkipedia. BY-SA

Amir Liaqat Hussain. Image via Wkipedia. BY-SA

And in 2011, Liaquat made waves when a behind-the-scenes video of him cursing and cussing was leaked.

However, there were those who lauded Liaquat's Ramadan baby giveaway as helping bring orphan children to childless families. The government does not collect formal numbers on orphans in Pakistan, the only statistics available are those collected by private orphanages. Most orphaned babies are taken in by close family members. But increasingly, “abandoned babies” end up in orphanage cradles. In 2012, according to Pakistani press reports, 171 babies were abandoned at the country's largest orphanage Edhi. Another 485 newborn corpses were found dumped across the country, either because their parent's couldn't afford to raise them or because they were born out of wedlock.

According to medical student Tahani Zaidi (@TahaniZaidi):

After the baby giveaway episode, Liaquat was back in the limelight when he invited a much-lambasted and much-ridiculed singer, Taher Shah, to his show. Shah recently made many headlines when he released a song titled “Eye to eye“, which went viral fueled by its “so bad, it's good” quality.

On the show, Liaquat made fun of Shah while he performed the song, playing with Shah's hair and hugging him throughout. During the live transmission of the particular episode, Shah could be seen visibly embarrassed, while Liaquat appeared thoroughly amused.

Taher Shah (left) and Dr. Amir Liaquat

Screenshot of the show by author. Taher Shah (left) and Dr. Amir Liaquat Hussain.

This triggered yet another volly of criticism on social media, demanding that the TV host be forced to apologize to Shah. Samad Khurram (@SamadK) tweeted about the incident:

There were those who took Liaquat to task rather more severely. Journalist Omar R Quraishi (@omar_quraishi) tweeted:

Taher Shah, too, dished out an update on his official Facebook page. Whereas he maintained a calm aplomb during the show, he was evidently upset and disappointed with the treatment he received:

I'm really disappointed at today's Amaan Ramazan transmission. First they call people and beg them to come to their show and later when they manage to show up leaving all their activities, they treat them like a child. Amir Liaqat should be thankful to me for not saying anything negative about him or his show on air (which was righteous for me). Sad to see this kind of irrespective behavior done on a so called Islamic transmission.

The events raise many questions about the role and responsibilities of private TV channels. What is the ultimate red line in the hunt for higher ratings? Are religious scholars backed by major media houses exempt from any and all ethical responsibilities, even when they're on a live show?

The featured image used in this post is from Amaan Ramazan's official Facebook page.

by Salman Latif at July 28, 2013 10:10 PM

MIT Center for Civic Media
How To Choose The Best Way to Create Change

"Sometimes you wake up and realise that you want to change the world."

Last week, Mark Simpkins wrote a blog post about how hard it is to know what to do if we want to create change. "When do I create a pledge? When do I contact my MP? When do I take to the streets?" he asks. "How do we move from someone who cares about an issue to taking action that will be genuinely meaningful? Might search or lists help people decide what to do?"

This blog post is my response to Mark.

CHANGE

Photo explanation: In 2008 Peter Sinclair tried to set up a mural to honour the memory of his son, Tom, who was fatally stabbed on Old Street, London. Peter had created the Flavisum Trust to raise awareness and attempt to change young people’s attitudes towards knives. It took many months of letter writing and wrangling on Peter’s part to secure planning permission from Islington Council. In this case, like so many, the simple first step towards change became a protracted effort.

Why is Mark asking this question when he's so well placed to give us an answer? When we first met, I was proud to hand over my role as technical advisor of a creative writing centre in London into his capable hands. He has considerable experience in citizen engagement, news, and ICT4D. He's technical director of Africa Gathering in London and is a researcher on socially responsible design at Central Saint Martins. Most recently, Mark worked with Lily Cole (who's going to be a Berkman Center affiliate next year) to launch Impossible, a platform that connects people to meet each others' wishes and gifts. So why the soul-searching?

Tom Steinberg at MySociety has been doing similar soul-searching lately. In a post from April, Tom laments our inability to share knowledge among those who are trying to use the Internet to organise people for good. We don't have names for what we do, we don't talk to each other enough, and we struggle to identify what differentiates our work. We're also still figuring out how to recognise effectiveness and share what we learned when something good does happen.

To explain how 38 Degrees and mySociety are similar in some ways but different in other very significant ways needs a way of naming things that can signal both commonality and difference.

This lack of language, Tom says, is one reason why we can't easily find an answer to the question of "what tool should I use" to create the change we want. Excepting the area of data-driven voter targeting, this poverty of words also complicates our ability to connect research to practical questions of impact. Even among academics, it's hard to find the language. This summer at UW, I've had a chance to spend time with Mary Joyce and her colleagues at UW, who are trying to classify digital activism-- a critically important and complicated task. As they add more cases, the team has found themselves repeatedly redefining basic terms for tactics and outcomes.

Six Ways to Move Tech for Change Forward

An amazing range of people are warming to the belief that digital means to organise ourselves can support fairer, more just, and happier societies. And yet Tom and Mark are right; we still have much to learn about the basics of creating change. Here are six ways that I see people responding to this moment of questioning:

Buyer's Guides & Case Studies

Mark suggests that we need services that help us decide how to create the change we care about. One response is to curate marketplaces or collect case studies to list the options and strategies for change.

  • For his Master's thesis, Matt Stempeck created a Digital Humanitarian Marketplace that matched people's professional skills to organisations in a crisis, using case studies and stories to help people understand how the best ways to help. His blog post on 81 ways Humanitarian Aid has Become Participatory is a must-read.
  • Code for America Commons (formerly Civic Commons) is another marketplace for civic technologies, showing you what cities are using what apps, and how it's going.
  • Models like Ethan Zuckerman's think/thick engagement and levers of change help us understand the field of options and why we might want to use certain tools (this is an awesome post, and you should read it Mark).
  • Processes like power maps sometimes help us figure out where to apply our levers of change.
  • Maybe most people don't set out to be activists but fall into it unexpectedly. Is it possible to trick people into active citizenry? That's a question Tom Steinberg asked us last May when he talked at the Media Lab.
  • The Digital Activism Research project and Civic's own upcoming book on youth digital activism offer case studies of what others have done.
  • Civic tech sites like Techpresident feature commentary and discussion within the field.

Supporting People and Communities

As attractive as it seems, change doesn't simply come from picking the right tool or tactic. By supporting people, we can empower them for moments when change is needed. Capacity building initiatives like hack days are very dear to my heart. I would never have found myself doing civic tech if it hadn't been for the rich ecosystem of unconferences and hack days where I found a supportive community.

Data & Experiments

In addition to knowing what we could do and having the confident experience to try, we need to know what works and what doesn't. This is an area where academics can help.

  • Quantified media analytics like the work we do at the Center for Civic Media may help us understand how a media story plays out and how effective different players have been within that story. The Berkman Center's case study of Social Mobilization and the Networked Public Sphere is a great example of this kind of work.
  • Can experiments give us the data we need to choose an intervention? Ben Goldacre's Randomise Me is a genius new site that makes it easy for anyone to create and participate in randomised controlled trials to evaluate their theories. In connection with the site, Ben also produced a wonderful BBC radio show on RCTs and a helpful guide for officials on using RCTs in government.
  • It's possible that the new Harvard Program on Behavioural Economics and Law and the new NYU GovLab may take on these issues, but it's too early to tell, and they may end up focusing mostly on governments.

Design Research

My own work involves imagining new civic technologies or new approaches to civic design and trying them out. The resulting research adds new approaches to our palette of options, sometimes even working products, and evaluation of outcomes in relation to the people who are involved.

  • Most of my projects explore a new way to measure or organise social behaviour. Open Gender Tracking offers a metric. Passing On is an intervention based on that metric. My upcoming acknowledgment platform is another example of social design that helps people say thanks online.
  • Diverse teams like IDEO.org and Reboot, the Engagement Game Lab, and Make:Good combine human centred design and ethnography to research a context as a precursor to imagining and testing interventions for social good.
  • The list of people doing this kind of work is very long, and probably deserves its own blog post. What differentiates us tends to be:
    • Whether on balance we're focusing on research or interventions
    • How robust the evaluation is
    • How participatory the design process is
    • How far we go with implementation, versus imaginative work
    • Is the work open source or not

Ideas, Inspiration, Critique

We need people to look at these projects from the outside, inspire us, tell us we're wrong, or at least raise important questions that influence how we do our work. Here are some examples of people I'm reading right now; it's certainly not an exhaustive list:

Solutions or Contestation?

I sometimes think that the "how to create change" question will never have answers. Often when people try to create political change, it's easier to think that the next victory will put meaningful change in place with some kind of permanence. Whether you're launching a project or passing a law, good things also need to grow and evolve in order to survive. Kate Crawford or Mike Ananny might say that this growth and evolution also includes contestation, a public conversation (sometimes disagreeing) about the direction taken by the technologies involved in shaping our lives.

And on that note -- I hear that Andy Piper has taken on the role of Chief Tech Advisor for the Ministry of Stories, just as it's starting to support new creative writing centres in cities throughout the UK. I wish you all the best success, Andy!

by natematias at July 28, 2013 04:34 PM

Global Voices
Hazreen Shaik Daud: Malaysia’s First Transgender in Politics

Former NGO worker Hazreen Shaik Daud is Malaysia’s first transgender in politics after being appointed as political secretary to Tanjung Bungah state assemblyman Teh Yee Cheu of the Democratic Action Party (DAP).

A transgender committee was initially approved in the Penang State to address transgender issues:

The transgender committee will be formed in two months, and aims to collect data and alleviate the status and social stigma associated with the transgender community. Some of their activities will include public forums to spread awareness on the issue.

Hazreen will initially work in the committee but she will also be responsible for other issues as well such as politics, economy, culture, education, health, and human rights.

KiniTV, a Malaysian Internet portal, recognized Hazreen as Malaysia’s first transgender in politics:

Hazreen’s appointment generated mixed reactions in Malaysia, a Muslim-majority nation. On YouTube, W Chinner hailed the courageous decision to hire Hazreen:

I am glad to know that there are Malaysians who support Hazreen. All the very best to you Hazreen. To DAP's Tanjung Bungah state assemblyman Teh Yee Cheu, I applaud your courage by showing your leadership by example.

And to these bigots who spewed hateful comments, you need to find and create your own little world in the closet.

Kelvin Mah thumbs down discrimination based on sexuality:

this should change, she deserve a chance to show her ability, no one shall be discriminated or hate because of their sexuality.

crossmirage echoed a similar point:

Can transphobes shut up about society falling apart and the world ending already? Humanity survived the black plague, someone presenting as their preferred gender won't hurt you. What a bunch of babies.

But baem mahmud is worried with ‘gender confusion’:

God..help us for we have sinned. Save Malaysia from gender confusions. Save all of us and forgive our past sins.

Sofie Hafiz Ngoo believes Hazreen’s appointment will create problems in the future:

Placing something where is doesn't belong is not how this world works. By you, support in breaking the chain and we all will face a lot of problems in the future.

Abdul Aziz Maaruf thinks Hazreen is confused:

This guy is confused so are the people who supported him.

Americk Sidhu praised DAP:

We are all members of one race….the human race and our differences must not only be tolerated but celebrated. Well done DAP. You are an inspiration. May all those narrow minded bigots bow their heads in eternal shame.

On Malaysiakini, an alternative news website, My4HOPE also recognized the courageous initiative of the Penang State government:

This is by far the most surprisingly courageous, righteous and respectable initiative of Penang State Government after GE13 [General Elections]. Keep this kind of just cause up, to reset the Malaysian Path of Humanity and Dignity.

But Adsertor reminded Malaysian leaders to respect the values of their constituents:

Green YB, are you the MP for the transgender or your constituency? You should represent the values of your constituency and not advocate your personal agenda.

Lynn has mixed feelings over the issue:

While from a religious and personal perspective, I can't support a person's decision to make transgender a lifestyle, its ultimately his or her choice and she or he has to face the consequences. but in this context, if that person is capable and can do the job well, why not.

Carolyn Khor enumerated some issues affecting the transgender community:

Gender is actually not the issue – it is the segregation of gender that makes gender the issue. Gender in our society have, till recently, been plainly categorized as male and female, and though the transgender community have been seeking legal redress in terms of recognition and status, the struggle against age-old conformities are nothing short of an arduous task.

Among the top agendas of the transgender welfare committee are to seek better accessibility for transgender persons in terms of basic needs like accessibilities to healthcare, employment and to provide equal treatment to persons with gender disagreements at public places such as schools, hospitals and detention centres.

Although Malaysia may still be considerably homophobic and reluctant to address the transgender and LGBT issues, the fact remain that such people exist and should be accorded proper and equal rights

There are about ten to fifty thousand transgender persons in Malaysia.

by Mong Palatino at July 28, 2013 01:14 PM

Doc Searls
2013_07_28 Link Pile

World going to hell

Tech

Marketing (public notes toward a piece I’ll be putting up in Linux Journal… also a podcast)

Etc.

by Doc Searls at July 28, 2013 12:34 PM

Global Voices
State Funeral for Tunisian Opposition MP as Protests Continue

Protests continue in Tunisia, following the state funeral for opposition MP Mohamed Brahmi, a socialist and an Arab nationalist, shot dead outside his home on Republic day [July 25].

Two gunmen shot Brahmi, a leader in the Popular Front, a coalition of leftist opposition parties, and then fled on a motorbike. This is the second assassination, in the span of five months, after the fatal shooting of secular opposition leader Chokri Belaid on February 6.

Ennhdha blamed:

The assassination sparked street protests calling for the fall of three-party coalition government [referred to as Troika] led by the Islamist Ennahdha Movement and the dissolution of the National Constituent Assembly, elected in October 2011 to draft a new constitution. Protesters pointed fingers at Ennahdha, which denied any involvement in the assassination.

Brahmi's widow leading her husband's funeral procession

Brahmi's widow leading her husband's funeral procession

Under the Troika rule, Tunisia witnessed an increase in violence targeting opposition politicians, activists and outspoken critics of Islamists. “So far, little has been done by the authorities to ensure that reported attacks against members of the opposition are adequately investigated and those responsible are brought to justice, fuelling a climate of impunity and increasing political polarization. While there is an ongoing judicial investigation into the killing of Chokri Belaid, and some suspects have been arrested, nobody has been tried yet for this crime”, said Amnesty International on July 25, urging Tunisian authorities to “deliver justice”.

Brahmi's family has accused Ennahdha.

Brahmi's widow: ”I congratulate you, Ennahdha and Troika. You have once again silenced a free and just voice

Security forces criticized:

During a press conference, the Interior Minister Lotfi Ben Jedou said that the same radical Islamist group involved in the murder of Chokri Belaid on February 6, is also involved in this week's killing of Brahmi. The minister also claimed that the same gun was used to kill both opposition figures and that the authorities had identified 14 suspects, some of whom belong to Ansar Al-Sharia Tunisia. The group has released a statement [ar] denying any involvement in the assassination.

Security forces are facing fierce criticism over their “incompetence” to bring to justice those responsible for the murder of Belaid and their failure to prevent a second assassination.

Sarah Ben Hamadi writes for the Maghreb edition of the Huffington Post [fr]:

Le ministre de l’intérieur n’a pas divulgué ces détails sur les antécédents du meurtrier présumé de Mohamed Brahmi, mais a déclaré que Boubaker Al Hakim était “activement recherché dans des affaires d’introduction et trafic d’armes sur le territoire tunisien”, et “est lié à Kamel Gadhgadhi” l’assassin présumé de Chokri Belaid, toujours en fuite.

The Interior Ministry did not reveal details regarding the history of Brahmi's alleged killer, but only declared that Boubaker Alhakim was “actively sought-after in cases related to arms smuggling on Tunisian land” and he “is linked to Kamel Gadhgadhi” the alleged killer of Chokri Belaid, who is still on the run.

A few days before the assassination, security forces stormed a house in the same neighborhood, where Brahmi lived, and confiscated arms but made no arrests. Ben Hamadi writes [fr]:

Comment Boubaker Al Hakim, activement recherché, a-t-il alors pu revenir dans ce quartier, qui devait être théoriquement, surveillé jour et nuit, tirer 14 balles et s’enfuir?

How could Boubaker Alhakim, actively sought [by the police], come back to this neighborhood, which theoretically should have been under surveillance all day long, shoot 14 bullets and run away?

Ben Hamadi has also raised questions over the involvement of Jihadists in the assassination of Brahmi:

Mais pourquoi les salafistes djihadistes élimineraient Mohamed Brahmi? Un musulman pratiquant, loin de correspondre au profil des “ennemis de l’Islam” que combattent d’habitude les djihadistes. Un militant originaire de Sidi Bouzid, pas très médiatisé et n’ayant pas un grand poids électoral. Le connaissaient-ils vraiment? C’est possible. En véritable militant baâthiste et nassérien, Mohamed Brahmi soutenait le gouvernement du président syrien Bachar Al Assad, dont le régime est combattu depuis maintenant deux ans… par des djihadistes, y compris Tunisiens.

But, why would Salafi Jihadists eliminate Mohamed Brahmi? A practicing Muslim whose profile does not fit with “enemies of Islam” whom the Jihadists usually fight. An activist from Sidi Bouzid, not very much publicized and does not have a large electoral weight. Do they really know him? It is possible [that they do]. A Baathist and Nassirist activist, Mohamed Brahmi supported the Syrian government of Bashar Al Assad, whose regime has been in battle with Jihadists, including Tunisians, for two years

First death in Gafsa:

During an overnight protest on Friday, one protester died [warning: graphic video] in the southern city of Gafsa. He was reportedly hit by a tear gas canister in the head, when police fired tear gas at protesters gathering in front of the local governor's office.

Photo: Mohamed Belmufti, father of two, telecommunications engineer and an activist from the Popular front. He fell a martyr tonight in #Gafsa.

by Afef Abrougui at July 28, 2013 10:47 AM

July 26, 2013

Global Voices
Lesbian Couple Arrested After Marrying in Secret in Bangladesh

Muslim woman and a Hindu woman in Bangladesh were arrested for marrying each other in what is described as the country's first same-sex marriage despite laws criminalizing the union.

The 21-year-old and 16-year-old, who met when the older woman tutored the younger, recently eloped from southwestern Pirojpur and came to the capital city of Dhaka to marry and start living together. But one of the women's fathers filed a missing person's report after his daughter fled, and police found them living together in a rented house in the Dhaka shortly after.

Homosexual relationships including same-sex marriage are illegal and punishable with life in prison in Bangladesh or up to ten years of hard labor. Public displays of affection between friends of the same sex are common and do not raise any controversy, however, there is a strong objection to homosexuality arising from the religious traditions of the majority Muslim country. Homosexual communities exist in Bangladesh, but they are the hidden minorities (see Global Voices report).

World homosexuality Laws. Click on image to see legend. courtesy Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0

World homosexuality Laws. Red indicates Imprisonment (up to life sentence) & dark brown indicates punishment up to death penalty. Click on image to see legend. Courtesy Wikimedia Commons. CC BY-SA 3.0

The news made waves throughout Bangladesh's social media and caused an uproar among some.

But many welcomed the first same-sex marriage of Bangladesh. Golam Rabbani [bn] wrote on his Facebook page:

যে দুটি মেয়ে বিয়ে করেছে তাদের জন্য শুভকামনা রইলো… জীবন সুন্দর… তাদের এ সাহসের জন্য অভিনন্দন তাদেরকে… জয় হোক জীবনের…

My best wishes for these two women on their marriage… life is beautiful… congratulations for their courage… let life reign…

Diaspora blogger Avijit Roy writes on his blog many scientific articles on homosexuality. He praised the courage of these two women in a Facebook note in which he mentioned that one of them was bold enough to ask the police officer interrogating them:

একটা ছেলে যদি একটি মেয়েকে ভালো বাসতে পারে, তবে একটা মেয়ে কেন আরেকটা মেয়েকে ভালোবাসতে পারবে না?

If a man can love a woman, why can't a woman love a woman?

However, many could not accept the marriage. A lot of negative comments could be seen in the comments section of online news articles.

Blogger and Twitter user Mehedi Akram (@mehdiakram) saw this as an invasion of Western culture:

Marriage of two women! http://t.co/aX2o5V2D5R what more we will have to see. This is the domination of western culture :D

Some went further. Last year, Dr. Muhammad Yunus, an economist and Nobel laureate from Bangladesh, and three other Nobel Peace Prize laureates released a statement in which they called for the legalization of same-sex sexual relationships. After the news of the same-sex marriage of these two women had broken out, “Ulama Masayekh Sanghati Parishad”, an association of Muslim clerics accused Dr. Yunus of promoting same-sex marriage in Bangladesh and called for his arrest and punishment [bn]. They have called for socially boycotting him and announced a program of occupying Yunus Center.

Others showed tolerance. A commenter named Notun commented on a blogpost of Kanij on the Bangla blogging platform Somewhereinblog.net covering the news:

সমকামিতাকে আমি ভালো মনে করি না… কিন্তু এটা তাদের ব্যক্তিগত ব্যাপার… তাই তাতে আমি নাক গলাবো না…

I don't support homosexuality.. but this is their private affair… so I will not poke into their issues.

Photoblogger Pranabesh Das wrote on Facebook about the arrest of these two women and the bad publicity they are getting:

They are just unlucky to born in the wrong country in the wrong time.

This is Love. Image by MOKOtheCRazy. CC BY-NC-ND

Blogger and a student of law Rayhan Rashid opined that this unique example from Bangladesh is significant for four reasons:

(১) যে সমাজে নারীর নিজের কোনো পছন্দ অপছন্দ থাকতে নেই, সেখানে তারা নিজেদের পছন্দকেই প্রাধান্য দিয়েছেন;
(২) তারা দু'জন ভিন্ন ধর্মের, একজন তো আবার সংখ্যালঘু ধর্মের। কিন্ত তাদের সম্পর্কের কাছে সে দেয়াল দাঁড়াতে পারেনি;
(৩) ধর্মীয় গোঁড়ামীর দেশে সম-লিঙ্গের সম্পর্কের সাহস দেখিয়ে নিজের মতো করে ঘর বেঁধেছেন;
(৪) দেশের আইনে ফৌজদারী অপরাধ জেনেও নিজেদের বিবেক, পছন্দ এবং সম্পর্কের সাথে কোনো ধরনের আপোষ করেননি দু'জন।

  1. In the male dominant society where women's demands are ignored, they gave importance to their preferences.
  2. The two are of different religions, one from a minority group. But this did not challenge their relationship.
  3. In a religiously conservative society they have shown utmost courage for same-sex marriage and their choice.
  4. They haven't compromised their relationship or their conscience knowing that homosexuality is criminalized in the country.

Blogger Vaskor Abedin found that the debate on this issue had a male-dominant tone:

[...] গতকাল দুই নারীর সমকামী সম্পর্কের খবর নিয়া নিউজ পোর্টাল আর সোশ্যাল নেটওয়ার্কিং সাইটগুলিতে যেমন প্রতিক্রিয়া হইলো তাতে পুরুষালি জাজমেন্টের সেক্সিস্ট উত্তাপটা বেশ টের পাইলাম [...]

[...] Yesterday in all the debates within traditional and social media on same-sex marriage I have felt a male-dominant sexist tone. [...]

Some days earlier an Islamist leader compared women to tetul, or tamarind, in a sermon as if men salivate watching them and told women to stay at home. Renowned film maker Mostofa Sarwar Faruki mentioned this on Facebook:

If the news is true, we have the first official lesbian couple exposed here in Bangladesh. In a country where mr. Tetul Hujur [cleric] preaches girls not to mix with boys, now how this girl-mixing-girl would be seen? Eager to study the next episodes!

Many called the media irresponsible for disclosing the women's identity and pictures, fearing this could endanger their lives and they will become subject to ostracizing. Shaugat Ali Sagor wrote:

যারা নাগরিকের ‘প্রাইভেসি’ ‘প্রাইভেসি’ বলে গলা ফাটান, তারা কি … [সমকামী তরুণী] আর … [সমকামী তরুণী] এর ‘প্রাইভেসি'কেও সম্মান দিতে প্রস্তুত। নাগরিক হিসেবে তাদেরও তো ‘প্রাইভেসি’ আছে। নাকি?

Those who cry about ‘privacy’ all the time.. are they willing to respect the privacy of [the couple]? They also have privacy as citizens of the country. Right?

Journalist and writer Anisul Haque expressed his outrage at the publishing of their identities and addresses of both the women in a comment on the post of Mostofa Sarwar Faruki:

[...] I am afraid we are crossing the limit, we are violating their right to privacy by publishing their photo, name, address. will they be able to live in this society after this news? Does any journalist have the right to kill any citizen?

Boys of Bangladesh, an LGBT group, provides an update on the women on their Facebook page:

UPDATE on [the two women] : As you have already known, [the 21-year-old] is now under custody and [the 16-year-old] has been returned to her family. [The 21-year-old] was shown arrested in a case filed abduction and trafficking. [..] Of immediate concern is the protection of the two young women involved. Second, file a complaint with the Press Council against making public the identity of at least the minor. We are also trying to convene an urgent meeting to formulate a strategic response to address the immediate concerns as well as the longer term potential to gain official recognition of same sex desire and same sex relationships.

by Rezwan at July 26, 2013 09:03 PM

Andrew McAfee
Manufacturing: Where the Jobless Recovery Is Most Evident

Over at Slate, Matthew Yglesias has a sharp post about what he calls the ‘Mythical American Manufacturing Renaissance.’ He uses three FRED-generated charts to make his point. The first shows the recent, apparently-substantial rise in US manufacturing employment.

fredgraph

The next two take the bloom off this rose by showing that the last time the country employed this few manufacturing workers was during the 1940s (after the WWII production surge ended):

fredgraph-2

And that the percentage of workers employed by the manufacturing sector has been dropping steadily for well over half a century, and is now  below 10%:

fredgraph-3

But there has been something of a renaissance in US manufacturing output, just not in employment. As this chart shows, output is not quite back to its all-time peak, but it has bounced back snappily since the Great Recession ended:

Graph of Industrial Production: Manufacturing (NAICS)

So the problem is not that there’s been no renaissance, it’s that it’s been a jobless one — yet another example of how output is becoming decoupled from employment in our ever-more-technologically-advanced economy. This decoupling is evident from a graph that juxtaposes US manufacturing output and employment since the turn of the century:

FRED Graph

Note that between the last two recessions manufacturing output (the blue line) went up quite steadily while employment (red line) did nothing but drop. Unfortunately for job seekers, I expect that pattern to resume in the very near future. Employment growth in manufacturing has recently tapered off, and I expect it to turn negative, even as output continues to increase. The historical pattern is very clear and very regular here, and I see no reason it won’t repeat itself.

In fact, as recent innovations in sensing, monitoring, robotics, 3D printing, and many other fields get adopted by manufacturers I predict that the output-up-while-employment-down trend will accelerate.

Anyone see a good reason to believe otherwise?

 

 

by Andrew McAfee at July 26, 2013 04:09 PM

Global Voices
Immigrants: Much More Than an Abstract Number

This post is part of our series on Latin America: Migrant Journeys in collaboration with The North American Congress on Latin America (NACLA). Stay tuned for more articles and podcasts.

This is the first part of an interview with Mexican journalist Eileen Truax.

Mexican journalist and author of Huffington Post Voces Eileen Truax [es] recently released her book ‘Dreamers: The Fight of a Generation for its American Dream’. Migrant Journeys talked to Truax, who offered her insights on the immigration bill that the U.S. Senate recently passed, and explained why “the DREAMers” –more than 65,000 youth brought to the U.S. as children by their migrant parents, and who remain classified as “undocumented”–offer a perfect example of some of the contributions of immigrants to the United States.

Robert Valencia: Tells us more about your book Dreamers. What made you write this book?

Photo courtesy of Editorial Océano

Photo courtesy of Editorial Océano

Eileen Truax: Because I’m an immigrant myself, I was born in Mexico City and have lived nine years in Los Angeles, where I worked for La Opinión, America’s most influential newspaper in Spanish. During my time at this newspaper I covered immigration issues, and I found compelling and moving stories, some of them related to successes, or very dramatic. In this process I learned of this pattern, especially the presence of children of immigrants, or the so-called DREAMers. In reality it wasn’t the focus of attention for those covering the news, but the DREAMers were always there. I considered that it was necessary to take a second glimpse of particular stories from these youth who have features that set them apart from the rest of the immigrants. I believe this is how we’ll pave the way for a more humane immigration system. They’re Americans, save for a document.

RV: Many times we hear the anti-immigrant rhetoric on the media. Why do you think this is?

ET: For too long, I thought it was a lack of sensitivity, but in recent years I have found that it’s the lack of an approach to this problem. We tend to talk about immigration as a whole, like a generic thing that suddenly becomes abstract: 11 million people. But what’s the singularity about this? What’s the human aspect of this? We can’t give a soul to an abstract entity. For this reason, we must tell the stories of at least one immigrant. Let’s forget about the 11 million figure, let’s talk about the person who arrived in the U.S. with no documents and no knowledge of English. How does he or she manage to survive the first day if that person doesn’t know anybody, doesn’t have a place to sleep nor has a work permit? If it’s a family, how do their kids who don’t speak English manage to go to school? This way we can see a chain of stories and the challenges these people face, as well as the efforts to conquer the “little Everests” they face every day. When a person can understand the immigrant drama, sensitivity flourishes. Lest we forget we are talking about human beings who, in the end, are the beneficiaries of an immigration reform.

RV: Janet Napolitano stepped down as Secretary of Homeland Security. During her tenure we saw important measures for the DREAMers such as deferred action, a two-year program that allows them to be eligible for work authorization. How does her resignation affect the pro-immigrant movement?

ET: We must consider two things. The first is that the level of impact will depend on who replaces Napolitano, and what continuity will be given to the Administration’s policies or whether we’ll see a change of direction.  It will also depend on the vision the team will have. My second observation is that, though Napolitano was very vocal in several themes, we witnessed the largest number of deportations in America’s recent history, that is, 400,000 deportations per year is no small number. We’re talking about hits or misses in this administration. President Barack Obama has sided with the DREAMer movement and with the immigrant movement in general, but he’s the chief of this administration that has conducted these massive deportations. We have to wait and see who will take over and whether we’ll see a change of direction in current policies.

RV: Ann Coulter, a prominent figure of the U.S. conservative movement, said that by legalizing 11 million people the future of the Republican Party will be jeopardized, implying that the beneficiaries will vote in favor of Democrats as a sign of gratitude for passing the bill. Do you think it’s prudent to pigeonhole a Latino community who clearly is not monolithic in their political preferences? What do you think about this?

Eileen Truax, photo courtesy of René Miranda

Eileen Truax, photo courtesy of René Miranda

ET: It’s perverse to talk about an immigration reform while fixing attention to the political parties. What we need to understand is the need of a fair immigration reform seen from the human rights and criminal justice perspective, not just as partisan booty or capital gain for a particular party. If we don’t change our perspective we can’t do justice. The theme of immigration must be based on respect toward human rights. If we use these 11 million people as political prize we’re not doing the right thing as a country or as society, and lawmakers are not being compliant with their duties. Immigration reform must seek to give political certainty to 11 million people who are already here and who contribute to our society, and we as a society must protect those who live in it. Comments like this steer away the reform’s objective. Besides, this concern is premature and opportunistic because it will take 13 years for a person, once the bill is approved, to become a citizen.

RV: We have seen opposition of this bill in the House of Representatives at the helm of Rep. John Boehner (R-OH). Can we talk about optimism given the possibility that the reform will die down on the House floor?

ET: At this very moment we can’t have any certitude, not even the very same congressmen know exactly what the perspectives are with respect to the advancement of the bill in the next couple of months. I believe it will be after the August recess that some positions toward this bill will be defined when legislators go back to their respective localities. I hope these communities remind legislators the reason they’ve been put in Capitol Hill and that we have the right to tell them the position they must adopt regarding this matter. I would not talk about optimism because the perspective is vague. What I do believe, however, is that we’re at a juncture where everybody has to do something. Despite the things we don’t like about this reform and its peculiarities, the fact that we have an immigration reform bill is an opportunity nobody should miss. It’s the duty of activists and organizations to close ranks and become one front, while it’s the duty of journalists to seek different angles of the story, reminding congressmen and society that this goes beyond the militarization at the border. Let’s not forget who in reality will benefit and the characteristics of each group: There are sections of the bill that talk about farmers, another one talks about the DREAMers, etc., and we perhaps may forget to tell these stories. There are many particular things in the 1000-page-long bill, so we can’t focus the immigration debate just on border security.

by Robert Valencia at July 26, 2013 03:11 PM

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