Biotechnology - Genomic and Proteomics/Commons based cases in BGP: Difference between revisions
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#* Identify these cases and treat them as entities that will also be placed in our mapping device (the quadrants) | #* Identify these cases and treat them as entities that will also be placed in our mapping device (the quadrants) | ||
#* Identify what actors are participating on this and what actors are just observers (Use the questionnaire to guide your research when appropriate - Carol will select specific relevant and helpful questions) | #* Identify what actors are participating on this and what actors are just observers (Use the questionnaire to guide your research when appropriate - Carol will select specific relevant and helpful questions) | ||
*[http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcbiotechnol/ BMC Biotechnology] | *[http://www.biomedcentral.com/bmcbiotechnol/ BMC Biotechnology] | ||
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**Governance: Non-profit NGO. Funding through the Norwegian Government, [http://www.horticulture.com.au/ Horticulture Australia], and the [http://www.lemelson.org/home/index.php Lemelson Foundation] | **Governance: Non-profit NGO. Funding through the Norwegian Government, [http://www.horticulture.com.au/ Horticulture Australia], and the [http://www.lemelson.org/home/index.php Lemelson Foundation] | ||
**Should definitely take a look at the [http://www.cambia.org/daisy/cambia/4272 BioForge] project, which aims to encourage collaboration between research groups in the life sciences | **Should definitely take a look at the [http://www.cambia.org/daisy/cambia/4272 BioForge] project, which aims to encourage collaboration between research groups in the life sciences | ||
*[http://www.chiron.com/ Chiron] | |||
**Output: Data. Chiron maintains connections to lots of individual scientists. Reported 1,400 informal agreements and collaborations with other companies and 64 formal collaborations with other companies (Powell pp. 72-73) | |||
**Comment: Seems Chiron has built a collaborative network qualitatively different from that of other firms. Likely worth investigating more | |||
*[http://www.biodas.org/wiki/Main_Page Distributed Annotation System] | *[http://www.biodas.org/wiki/Main_Page Distributed Annotation System] | ||
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** Governance: Part of the NIH | ** Governance: Part of the NIH | ||
** Comment: Perfect instance of commons-based production. | ** Comment: Perfect instance of commons-based production. | ||
*[http://www.ensembl.org Ensembl Genome Browser] | |||
**Output: Data. Aims to automatically annotate the genome, integrate that annotation with other databases and share the product freely on the web | |||
**Governance: Collaboration between the [http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ European Bioinformatics Institute] and the [http://www.sanger.ac.uk/ Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute] | |||
** Comment: Interesting case - seems to be using data that's in the commons, managed by private organizations, to produce a new product that is also in the commons | |||
*[http://www.hapmap.org HapMap] | *[http://www.hapmap.org HapMap] | ||
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**Governance: funded through the NIH | **Governance: funded through the NIH | ||
**Comment: Another interesting instance of the commons - the government used the power of funding to mandate open access requirements from the organizations which participated. | **Comment: Another interesting instance of the commons - the government used the power of funding to mandate open access requirements from the organizations which participated. | ||
*[http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov National Center for Biotechnology Information] | |||
**Output: Data. Creates publicly accessible data and analysis systems for biochemistry and genetics | |||
**Governance: Division of National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health | |||
**Comment: Probably does not count as a common-based system. The tools, while publicly available, do not appear to be publicly edit-able. Might be more useful to see what if any collaborative enterprises ''develop from'' this work | |||
*[http://www.mlive.com/businessreview/annarbor/index.ssf/2008/10/two_michigan_biotech_companies.html Two Michigan Biotech companies decide to share their lab and equipment] | |||
**Output: Tools. Two companies didn't have the money to maintain separate labs, so they merged their efforts. | |||
**Comment: It might be interesting to talk to these people personally and ask what if any collaboration this sort of proximity has brought | |||
*[http://www.personalgenomes.org Personal Genome Project] | *[http://www.personalgenomes.org Personal Genome Project] | ||
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** Primarily products: Data and Tools. Open Source Knowledge Management Platform for Biological Sciences, currently focusing on neuroscience | ** Primarily products: Data and Tools. Open Source Knowledge Management Platform for Biological Sciences, currently focusing on neuroscience | ||
**Governance: run through Science Commons | **Governance: run through Science Commons | ||
* [http://www.sagebase.org/ Bionetworks] | |||
** Primarily products: Data and Narratives. | |||
=Navigation= | =Navigation= | ||
[[Bibliography for Item 10 in BGP]]<br> | [[Bibliography for Item 10 in BGP]]<br> | ||
[[Biotechnology_-_Genomic_and_Proteomics]] | [[Biotechnology_-_Genomic_and_Proteomics]] |
Revision as of 20:16, 19 April 2010
Research questions:
- Commons based cases (the cases that we know will appear in the right part of the quadrants)
- Identify cases
- Correlate them with their main outputs (Data. Narratives. Tools)
- How and in what extent they are “experimenting” or “adopting” commons-based approach. Are they adopting OA policies, for instance? Are they adopting Social Responsible License approaches?
- Identify these cases and treat them as entities that will also be placed in our mapping device (the quadrants)
- Identify what actors are participating on this and what actors are just observers (Use the questionnaire to guide your research when appropriate - Carol will select specific relevant and helpful questions)
- BMC Biotechnology
- Output: Narratives. Open Access Biotech Journal. Anyone can submit, though maintains a peer-review process
- Governance: The site itself is part of Springer Science+Business Media
- CAMBIA / BIOS
- Output: Tools (e.g. new databases) and Narratives (studies and papers)
- Governance: Non-profit NGO. Funding through the Norwegian Government, Horticulture Australia, and the Lemelson Foundation
- Should definitely take a look at the BioForge project, which aims to encourage collaboration between research groups in the life sciences
- Chiron
- Output: Data. Chiron maintains connections to lots of individual scientists. Reported 1,400 informal agreements and collaborations with other companies and 64 formal collaborations with other companies (Powell pp. 72-73)
- Comment: Seems Chiron has built a collaborative network qualitatively different from that of other firms. Likely worth investigating more
- Distributed Annotation System
- Products: Data, Narratives and Tools. Aims to create standard protocol for exchanging genomic annotations
- Governance: Distributed, though with self-appointed leaders
- Comment: This falls under the gray area of the definition of 'commons'. It is much closer to Lessig's definition, where something like TCP/IP could be considered a commons.
- ENCODE
- Products: Data. Open consortium to identify all functional elements of the human genome. Data is made publicly available
- Governance: Part of the NIH
- Comment: Perfect instance of commons-based production.
- Ensembl Genome Browser
- Output: Data. Aims to automatically annotate the genome, integrate that annotation with other databases and share the product freely on the web
- Governance: Collaboration between the European Bioinformatics Institute and the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute
- Comment: Interesting case - seems to be using data that's in the commons, managed by private organizations, to produce a new product that is also in the commons
- HapMap
- Products: Data. Coordination between researchers in Canada, China, Japan, Nigeria, United Kingdom and the United States to identify disease-causing genes. Data released into the public domain
- Governance: Combination of both public and private organizations (http://www.hapmap.org/groups.html)
- Another good instance of commons-based production
- Health Commons
- Products: Data, Narratives and Tools. Coalition of organizations aim to share data under a common set of terms and conditions
- Governance: lead by 501(c)3 Science Commons
- Human Genome Project
- Products: Data and Tools. Genome sequence available publicly
- Governance: funded through the NIH
- Comment: Another interesting instance of the commons - the government used the power of funding to mandate open access requirements from the organizations which participated.
- National Center for Biotechnology Information
- Output: Data. Creates publicly accessible data and analysis systems for biochemistry and genetics
- Governance: Division of National Library of Medicine and National Institutes of Health
- Comment: Probably does not count as a common-based system. The tools, while publicly available, do not appear to be publicly edit-able. Might be more useful to see what if any collaborative enterprises develop from this work
- Two Michigan Biotech companies decide to share their lab and equipment
- Output: Tools. Two companies didn't have the money to maintain separate labs, so they merged their efforts.
- Comment: It might be interesting to talk to these people personally and ask what if any collaboration this sort of proximity has brought
- Personal Genome Project
- Products: Data and Tools. Aims to make personal genome sequencing possible and affordable
- Not clear that this is an instance of a commons. Right now, seems to me to be a free service.
- Open Wet Ware
- Primarily products: Data, Narratives and Tools. Sharing best practices in biological engineering
- Governance: Elected officers, funded through the NSF
- Open Biological Ontologies
- Primarily products: Data, Narratives and Tools. Aims to support community of people developing biomedical ontologies
- Governance: Coordinating editors from the Berkeley Bioinformatics Open-Source Projects - there does not seem to be a system of elections
- Science Commons-Neurocommons
- Primarily products: Data and Tools. Open Source Knowledge Management Platform for Biological Sciences, currently focusing on neuroscience
- Governance: run through Science Commons
- Bionetworks
- Primarily products: Data and Narratives.
Bibliography for Item 10 in BGP
Biotechnology_-_Genomic_and_Proteomics