Table 9.1
From Yochai Benkler - Wealth of Networks
Table 9.1: Map of Players and Roles in Major Relevant Sectors
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</td> </tr> | ||||||
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Actor Sector </td> |
Government </td> |
Universities, Libraries, etc. </td> |
IP-Based Industry </td> |
Non-IP-Based Industry </td> |
NGOs/Nonprofits </td> |
Individuals </td> </tr> |
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</td> </tr> | ||||||
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Software </td> |
Research funding, defense, procurement </td> |
Basic research and design; components "incubate" much else </td> |
Software publishing (1/3 annual revenue) </td> |
Software services, customization (~2/3 annual revenue) </td> |
FSF; Apache; W3C; IETF </td> |
Free/open-source software </td> </tr> |
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Scientific publication </td> |
Research funding </td> |
University presses; salaries; promotion and tenure </td> |
Elsevier Science; professional associations </td> |
Biomed Central </td> |
PLoS; ArXiv </td> |
Working papers; Web-based self-publishing </td> </tr> |
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Agricultural Biotech </td> |
Grants and government labs; NARS </td> |
Basic research; tech transfer (24% of patenting activity) </td> |
Monsanto, DuPont, Syngenta (~74% of patents) </td> |
No obvious equivalent </td> |
CAMBIA BIOS CGIAR </td> |
Farmers </td> </tr> |
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Biomed/Health </td> |
Grants and government labs </td> |
Basic research; tech transfer (~50%?) </td> |
Big Pharma; Biotech (~50%?) </td> |
Generics </td> |
OneWorld Health </td> |
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</td> </tr> |
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