Commons-based Cases in EM

Commons based cases (the cases that we know will appear in the right part of the quadrants)

• Identify cases
• Correlate them with their main outputs (Data. Narratives. Tools)
• How and in what extent they are “experimenting” or “adopting” commons-based approach. Are they adopting OA policies, for instance? Are they adopting Social Responsible License approaches?
• Identify these cases and treat them as entities that will also be placed in our mapping device (the quadrants)
• Identify what actors are participating on this and what actors are just observers (Use the questionnaire to guide your research when appropriate - Carol will select specific relevant and helpful questions)

Cases

CK-12

http://www.ck12.org/

Connexions

http://cnx.org/

• History and Overview of Connexions
  • In 1994, Burrus and other founders published a low-cost book of exercises/problems in digital signal processing for Matlab. Teachers/students could select problems that were interesting or useful for specific learning needs. This was offered early evidence of the potential for a "flexible, modular" approach to EM. (Burrus 2007, 20)
  • In 1999, Richard Baraniuk approached Burrus with idea to write electrical engineering text addressing the disparate but relevant issues math, design, applications, law, and business. Burrus challenged Baraniuk to "design a completely new teaching tool using modern computer and information technology"--what would become Connexions. (Burrus 2007, 20)
  • Historical moment coincided with XML popularization and Web 2.0 technologies, as well as the "new legal vision [...] to give an educational version of Larry Lessig's Creative Commons", inspired by Richard Stallman and Eric Raymond in open-source software. (Burrus 2007, 21)
    • "This environment not only supports but encourages a deeper level of collaboration than that of the multiply authored book or curriculum."
  • Three parts to system (Burrus 2007, 21):
    1. Information organized in small, linkable, searchable modules using XML
    2. Web tools/interface to "help create, maintain, share, and use" modules
    3. Community that develops and uses tools and modules
  • "The system has been used in many traditional courses over the past several years as a primary text or supplementary document. It is now being used to supply the only text book for the introductory electrical engineering course at Rice, where a 300-page book written by Prof. Don Johnson can be purchased online through Connexions from QOOP for $20." (Burrus 2007, 22)
• Main Outputs: narratives, tools (as modularized EM such as suggested by Benkler (2005, 7))
  • "Connexions boasts over 4000 modules, more than 220 courses or books, approximately 550,000 users (96% non Rice University), 2000 author accounts, and approximately 200,000 hits per day from 198 countries." (Burrus 2007, 21)
  • "It is now being used to supply the only text book for the introductory electrical engineering course at Rice, where a 300-page book written by Prof. Don Johnson can be purchased online through Connexions from QOOP for $20." (Burrus 2007, 22)
  • Tools: with National Instruments, "interactive applets for embedded demos and labs" (Burrus 2007, 22)
• Extent of Commons-based Approach
• Adoption of OA Policies
  • "The use of Connexions is free to anyone who has Internet access. The cost to develop Connexions is being paid by generous individuals, institutions, and foundations." ("FAQ" n.d.)
  • Self-identify as "OER" ("FAQ" n.d.)
• Adoption of Socially Responsible Licenses
  • Uses Creative Commons Attribution license ("FAQ" n.d.)
    • Supported by the Site User Agreement
• Quadrant Mapping
• Participating Actors
  • Rice University
  • William and Flora Hewlett Foundation (funding)
  • Teachers without Borders
  • UNESCO
  • QOOP (on-demand printing)
  • National Instruments
• Observing Actors

World University and School

http://worlduniversity.wikia.com/wiki/World_University

• JUST STARTED
• Main Outputs: narratives, tools
  • Narratives: Various course materials in the form of syllabi, coursework, videos
  • Tools: Virtual university (courses potentially hosted in Second Life)
• Extent of Commons-based Approach
• Adoption of OA Policies
  • Completely open and free access to "courses"
  • Aspires to be degree granting
• Adoption of Socially Responsible Licenses
  • Wikia uses GFDL
• Quadrant Mapping
• Participating Actors
  • Scott MacLeod
  • Founder, main contact
    • Taught "Society and Information Technology" (http://socinfotech.pbwiki.com) on Berkman Island in Second Life (fall, spring and summer of 2007-2008)
• Observing Actors

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